Unit 4 Cells - Quiz Review

This set covers the notes that are going to be on the quiz. - Cell Theory - Microscopes - Scientists Responsible for the Development of the Cell Theory

prokaryotes

cells that lack a true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

organelle

small specialized structures in cells

eukaryotes

cells having a true nucleus and membane-bound organelles

electron microscopes are for

extreme magnification

transmission electron microscope

super powerful (over 1,000,000)

a pain to use (specimens must be frozen/embeded in plastic)

uses magnets to focus a beam of electrons on the specicmin

scanning electron micrscope

less powerful (100,000x) but can make a 3d image

looks 3d (not really) made by a bouncing back beam of electrons

Do the SEM AND TEM use lenses?

No!

simple light microscope

a microscope that has one lense

light in simple light microscope means:

you are seeing the light reflecting off of the surface of the specmin

compound light microscope

two lenses - what we use

How you calculate total magnification

to calculate the total magnification you multiple the object lense magnification by the eyepiece magnification

scanning

red - 40x power

Objective Lense	Eyepiece/Ocular	Total
4	10	40

low power

yellow - 100x power

Objective Lense	Eyepiece/Ocular	Total
10	10	100

high power

blue - 400x power

Objective Lense	Eyepiece/Ocular	Total
40	10	400

List the tree main parts of the Cell Theory:

1. all living things are made up of one or more cells

2. the cell is the basic unit or organization (structure and function)

3. All cells come from preexisting cells

mitosis

regular cell replication

Most cells replicate by:

making exact copies of themselves

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Invented the microscope. Using this microscope he observed the microscopic life living inside of pond water.

Robert Hooke

Englishman credited with coining the term “cells”.

Robert Brown

Scottish scientist credited for finding the nucleus (never named it but noticed a dark spot)

Matthias Schleiden

German botanist credited for stating “all plants are made of cells”.

Theodor Schwann

German zoologist who stated that all animals are made of cells

Rudolf Virchow

German physician credited with saying “all cells come from the division of preexisting cells”.