Gram Negative (-) Bacteria

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17 Terms

1

Proteus mirabilis

  • Found: Normal flora, survives in nutrient deficient environments.

  • Is Peritrichous

  • Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUT)

  • Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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2

Salmonella typhi

  • Fecal-oral transmission

  • Peritrichous

  • Causes typhoid fever

    • fever, abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, and rose spots.

  • Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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3

Shingella dysenteriae

  • Fecal-oral transmission

  • non-motile

  • Bloody diarrhea with mucus and pus.

    • Produces shiga enterotoxins; inactive ribosomes lead to killing of intestinal cells.

  • Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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4

Klebsiella pneumoniae

  • Found: Normal flora, soil, and water. Pathogenetic if aspirated.

  • Fecal-oral transmission

  • Prodiced pneumonia with bloody sputum.

    • nosocomial UTIs; CAUTIs

  • Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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5

Escherichia coli

  • Fecal-oral transmission

  • Peritrichious

  • Causes Diarrhea; CAUTIs

    • Produce verotoxins (enterotoxins) also inhibit ribosomes and kills intestinal cells.

  • Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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6

Vibrio cholerae

  • Fecal-oral transmission

  • Short comme shaped, monotrichous.

  • Causes cholera

    • Deadly diarrhea (rice water) and vomiting

    • 3-5 gallons of water lost a day

    • enterotoxin: choleragen

  • Non-Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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7

Compylobacter jejuni

  • Zoonotic: wild and domestic animals; poultry

    • Fecal-oral transmission

  • Curved, monotrichious

  • Secretory or bloody diarrhea

    • Enterotoxin: similar to choleragen

  • Most common fecal-oral bacteria in the world.

    • kills the most world wide

  • Non-Enterobacteriaceae

  • Rod shaped

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8

Hemophilus influenza

  • Transmission: aerosol droplets

  • Non-motile

  • Meningitis

    • Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

  • Can cause pneumonia

  • Related to the respiratory system

  • Rod shaped

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9

Bordetella pertussis

  • Transmission: Aerosol droplets

    • highly contagious

  • Non-motile

  • Causes whooping cough (Pertussis)

    • Pertussis toxin produced

  • Related to the respiratory system

  • Rod shaped

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10

Legionella pneumophilia

  • Does not travel human to human

  • Ingestion - found in streams, warm water pipes, and cooling towers.

  • Monotrichious

  • Legionarries disease:

    • Penumonia, fever, cough

    • Very deadly

    • Pontiac fever

      • flue-like: headache, fever

      • Will not kill you

  • Related to the respiratory system

  • Rod shaped

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11

Pseudomnas aeruginsoa

  • Opportunistic pathogens; found in soil, water, nonsocomial

  • Lophotrichious

  • Wound infections and CAUTIs

  • Rod shaped

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12

Yersinia pestis

  • Transmission: flea bits

  • Zoonotic in rodents (not through the fleas)

  • Coccobacillus, non-motile

  • Bubonic plague: flue like, death < 2 weeks

  • Rod shaped

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13

Treponema pallidum

  • Tramsnission: STD

  • Thick rigid spirals

  • Causes Syphillis

    • primary to tertiary stage: skin ulcer to gummas

  • Spirochetes

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14

Borrelia burgdorferi

  • Transmission: tick bites

    • Zoonotic in some mice and deer

  • Loosely coiled

  • Causes Lime disease

    • Fever/headahe, joint pain, leads to mental problems.

  • Spirochetes

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15

Chlamydia trachomatis

  • Transmission: STD

  • Coccobaccillus, non-motile

    • no peptodoglycan

    • Form an elementary body: infective

  • Trachoma and urethritus

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16

Neissera meningitidis

  • Transmission: Saliva

    • coughing, sneezing, kissing, and chewing toys

  • Meningitis

    • Fever, stiff neck, commiting, lethargy; septicemia: fever hypotension.

    • Endotoxin: Lipopolysacchardie

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17

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

  • Transmisson: STD

  • Diplococcus, non-motile

  • Endotoxin: Gonorrhea

    • Causes inflammation

    • Can spread to newborns (congenital)

      • May cause blindness in the new born

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