Physiology and homeostasis (HBF)

List the basic levels of organisation in the body in order

chemical, cell, tissue, organ, body system, organism

what are the four types of tissues and give one example?

Muscle tissue for contraction e.g. cardiac. Nervous tissue for transmitting signals. Epithelial tissue for exchanging materials between cells and their environment. Connective tissue e.g. bones.

List the body systems. give one example of a component and give one example of a function.

Cardiovascular. e.g. heart transports oxygen. Respiratory. e.g. Lungs, exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide. Renal/urinary. e.g. kidneys, removes waste. skeletal e.g. bones, supports the body. Muscular. e.g. skeletal muscle, moves the skeleton. Nervous, e.g. Brain, regulates body movement. Endocrine e.g. Hormone-secreting glands, regulates body by hormones.

what is intracellular fluid (ICF)

Fluid inside cells. 40% of body weight

What is the body’s composition of solids and fluids?

40% solids and 60% fluids

what is extracellular fluid (ECF)?

Fluid outside cells. 20% of body weight. made up of plasma 5% and interstitial fluid 15%

what is the concept of homeostasis 

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment. it is a dynamic state not fixed. Disruptions can lead to illness or death.

Give one positive and one negative homeostasis feedback?

Positive feedback, amplifies a change until goal is reached. e.g. child birth contracting to become stronger until birth. Negative feedback, opposes change to restore balance e.g. body temperature change.

What is the body mass index BMI formula?

weight (kg)/ Height (m) squared

outline the BMI classifications

Underweight is less than 18.5. Normal is 18.5-24.9. Overweight is 24.9-29.9. Obese is 30 and above.

Outline BMI’s for obese i,ii and iii

30-34.9, 35-39.9 and 40 and above

what does epithelial tissue do?

it lines the valves and chambers of the heart