Science I

Created: Thursday, June 25th, 2026

What is the term used to refer to an individual life form

organism

To be an animal an organism must meet what 3 criteria

Feed on organic matter, Be able to move from one place to another, Be made up of multiple cells that contain membrane bound organelles and produce collagen

Animals must have some sort of what in order to absorb nutrients and convert them into energy

internal component

Movement in context of the way its used as a way to define an animal, is defined as

the ability to move the entire organism from one place to another

Animal cells are made up of _________ cells

eukaryotic

Eukaryotic cells have the defining characteristics of internal components separated by what

membranes

The membranes within Eukaryotic cells create separate structures called what

organelles

At least some of the cells must produce what

collagen

What is collagen

protein that provides structure to cells and holds them together

Collagen is found in what 4 things

skin, tendons, bones and ligaments

Why are Fungi not considered animals

they don’t produce collagen

Why are plants not considered animals

they obtain energy from the sun

Rather than producing collagen, fungi produce what

chitin

What are protists

microscopic organisms made up of eukaryotic cells and can move

Due to what two reason are protists not considered animals

they are unicellular and cannot produce collagen

What class of animals includes humans

mammals

Mammals are animals that have and do what

spinal chords, brains, produce milk, have hair, three middle ear bones

The spinal chord is apart of what system in the body

central nervous system

What does the central nervous system do

sends sensory information from the outside world to the brain

What glands within a mammal produces milk

mammary glands

What term refers to mammals giving birth to live young

viviparous

What is scientific name for a platypus

Ornithorhynchus anatinus

What is the scientific name for a echidna

Tachyglossidae

What class of organisms does the platypus belong to

Monotremes

Echidna are exceptions to mammals giving birth to live young because they

lay eggs

The three middle ear bones in mammals allow them to transmit _____ and ____ into _____ in the brain

sound, vibrations, messages

Mammals all evolved from a

common ancestor

The majority of animals are found where (air, land or water)

land

Some fish don’t have bones, rather their internal support structures are comprised of a substance called what

cartilage

Unlike mammals, reptiles, fish, amphibians, and birds are mostly what (reproduce with eggs)

oviparous

Oviparous means what

animals reproduce through laying eggs

What does ovoviviparous mean

animal gives live birth to offspring that develop and are hatched externally

Animals that give birth to live offspring that develop and are hatched externally are referred to using what term

ovoviviparous

What commonly known bird cant fly

penguin

What is the scientific name for a penguin

Spheniscidae

Reptiles are mostly found on (land, air or water)

land

What term refers to animals that are fully aquatic

amphibians

The term Amphibian refers to what

animals that are fully aquatic

What is the scientific name for an axolotl

Ambystoma mexicanum

T or F "Frogs are amphibians"

true

What is the scientific name for a mudskipper

Periophthalmus gracilis

Arthropods include what two things

insects and arachnids

The label "insects" refers to most species of bugs that have how many body segments and how many legs

3 body segments and 6 legs

Arachnids include what 4 things

spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions

Arachnids all have _ body segments and _ legs

2, 8

Arthropods lack a ______ ____, and they have an _____ _____ system that circulates a substance called hemolymph around their organs to oxygenate them

spinal cord, open circulatory

Arthropods have a open circulatory system that circulates what in order to oxygenate them

hemolymph

What does hemolymph do for a Arthropod

oxygenate them

Arthropods don’t have an internal skeleton but rather a

exoskeleton

What is the scientific name for the "Goliath bird eater"

Theraphosa Blondi

The Goliath bird eater is what type of spider

tarantula

What continent is the Goliath bird eater found

South America

Around what percent of all known animal species are arthropods

80 to 85

Around 80 to 85 percent of all known animal species are what

Arthropods

What is the scientific name for a tardigrades

Tardigrada

What is another name for tardigrades

water bear

In the broad sense the term "behavior" refers to what

all the ways animals interact

Behaviors occur in response to what 2 things

external and internal stimuli

Responses to what are the most observable form of behavior

external stimuli

What term is used to refer to sensations that come from within an organism's own body

internal stimuli

Behavior stopping once a body returns to its comfortable state is in response to a _______ cue

internal

______ ______ includes anything outside of the animal to which it can respond

external stimuli

A cat shifting their behavior towards hunting in response to seeing a mouse is an example of what type of stimuli

external

_____ behavior, is where animals interact with other members of their species

social

Animals experiencing less what are more likely to engage in play behavior

stress

Play behavior is a subset form of ______ behavior

social

Ecology is the study of what

how living organisms interact with their environment to maximize their chances of survival and reproduction

How many levels is ecology organized into

6

The 6 levels of ecology are referred to as the

ecological levels of organization

The first level of ecology is what

organism

The organism level or ecology is the study of a

single individual and how it interacts with the environment

What is the 2nd level of ecology

population

The term population as it's used in the context of ecology includes

all the organisms in the area that are from the same species

When there are multiple populations together they are called what

community

What is the third level of ecology

community

In ecology when there are multiple communities they are called a

ecosystem

What is the 4th level of ecology

ecosystem

What term is used to refer to a large area that contains multiple ecosystems

What is a biome

large area that contains multiple ecosystems

What is the 5th level of ecology

biome

What term in ecology refers to all environments found on planet Earth

biosphere

What is the 6th level of ecology

biosphere

In areas with a larger density of predators there may be more what (answer is competition bro)

competition

What is the term used to refer to a species that is vital to a ecosystem

keystone

Without a keystone species what would happen to that ecosystem

collapse

Taxonomy is the field of research concerned with the

classification of all organisms

What field concerns itself with the classification of all organisms

taxonomy

Taxonomists classify living things by giving them a standardized _____ __ _____

series of names

Most animals are referred to by their ______ name

binomial

A binomial name is usually a what

2 part Latin scientific name for a single species

Who developed the modern concept of taxonomy and when

Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1735

When was the modern concept of taxonomy developed

1735

What ancient language does taxonomy use

Latin

For what reason was Latin chosen as the language used for taxonomy

grammatical rules remain consistent over time

For what reason does Latin's grammatical rules stay consistent over time

it’s a dead language

Early scientists classified animals based on their outward _______ and their ____

characteristics, behavior

How many main levels of taxonomy are there

8

What are the 8 main levels of taxonomy ranked from broadest to most specific

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

(complete the sentence) The binomial name for an animal is the Latin

italicized genus with the first letter capitalized followed by the italicized species name in all lower-case letters

What information does the full taxonomic name of an animal provide

current information about how it is related to other animals