Hallucinogens (Chapter 14)

Which term might describe the following belief that if a plant contains a spirit, then eating the plant transfers that spirit to the person who eats it?

a) Animism

b) Entactogen

c) Muscaria

d) Phantastica

a) Animism

In early societies, shaman or medicine man (or women) were specialists in the ways plants were harvested. They were important not only for understanding what we now call medicine, but also because he or she was which of the following?

a) Usually a close relative of the chief

b) A spiritual, or religious, leader

c) Also a judge who decided how to punish misbehaviour

d) Often the wealthiest member of the group

b) A spiritual, or religious, leader

One name that has been used to describe hallucinogenic drugs is psychedelic. What does it mean?

a) Mind-viewing, and implies a beneficial, visionary effect

b) Mind-destroying

c) Insanity-producing

d) Mind-building, implying greater intelligence

a) Mind-viewing, and implies a beneficial, visionary effect

Which major grouping of hallucinogens typically allows the user to remain in some touch with the real world and to also remember much of what he or she experienced?

a) Narcotics

b) Entactogens

c) Psychotomimetics

d) Phantastica

d) Phantastica

LSD and psilocybin belong to which chemical grouping?

a) Benzodiazepines

b) Cholinomimetics

c) Indoles

d) Steroids

c) Indoles

LSD was synthesized from alkaloids derived from which of the following?

a) Banana skins

b) Mushrooms

c) Ergot fungus

d) Dandelion roots

c) Ergot fungus

Who was the first to report the psychological effect of LSD?

a) Dr. Sigmund Freud

b) Albert Hofmann

c) Timothy Leary

d) Humphrey Osmond

b) Albert Hofmann

What was the profession/role of the first to report on the psychological effect of LSD?

a) Harvard psychologist

b) A Swiss chemist

c) A Viennese physician

d) Spiritual worshippers

b) A Swiss chemist

Why was there an early interest in LSD research?

a) Possible use in treating rheumatism

b) Ability to relieve pain

c) Ability to reduce cravings for nicotine

d) Supposed ability to access the subconscious mind

d) Supposed ability to access the subconscious mind

During the 1950s and 60s the Canadian government funded the research of Dr. Donald Cameron who some have suggested used LSD with psychiatric patients, and often without their consent to investigate which of the following?

a) Anxiety

b) Amnesia

c) Criminal Interrogation

d) Psychoses

a) Anxiety

Which early LSD researcher was fired from his academic job then later became a proponent of hallucinogenic drug use, and started a religion in which LSD was the sacrament?

a) William Halstead

b) Timothy Leary

c) Parke Davis

d) Robert Wood Johnson

b) Timothy Leary

Why is LSD considered to be the most potent psychoactive agent known to man?

a) It produces such powerful effects on the mind

b) It is so toxic

c) It produces effects at very low dosages

d) Its effects are very long-lasting

c) It produces effects at very low dosages

Although LSD has complex effects in the brain, the best evidence indicates that its hallucinogenic properties are due to stimulating which of the following?

a) Serotonin 2A receptors

b) The mesolimbic dopamine system

c) Cholinergic receptors

d) GABA receptors

a) Serotonin 2A receptors

Which of the following describes the sensation of experiencing sounds as pictures, or of seeing movements produced by musical rhythms?

a) Tachyphylaxis

b) Analgesia

c) Homeostasis

d) Synesthesia

d) Synesthesia

Two frequent overall types of LSD "trips" are described in the text using what terms?

a) Expansive and constricted

b) Indole and catechol

c) Synthetic and analytic

d) Inductive and deductive

a) Expansive and constricted

In rare cases, people who have used LSD experience similar symptoms weeks or months later. What term describes this experience?

a) Synesthesia

b) Flashbacks

c) Automatism

d) Semantic memory

b) Flashbacks

What are Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe cubensis?

a) Plants containing mescaline

b) Hallucinogenic mushrooms

c) Anticholinergics

d) Poisonous fungi

b) Hallucinogenic mushrooms

A close relative of LSD, d-lysergic acid amide, is found naturally in which two of the following plants?

a) Morning glories and Hawaiian baby woodrose

b) Peyote cactus and Henbane

c) Henbane and Opium poppies

d) Opium poppies and Morning glories

a) Morning glories and Hawaiian baby woodrose

In which of the following would DMT, a short-acting hallucinogen that is usually ineffective when taken orally, be found?

a) Jimson weed

b) Mexican mushrooms

c) Mescal beans

d) Cohoba snuff

d) Cohoba snuff

Which Quechuan name, describes the combination of two plants, one containing DMT and the other containing harmaline (an MAO inhibitor), that is used in the Amazon region?

a) Psilocybin

b) Mescal

c) Ayahuasca

d) Amanita

c) Ayahuasca

The Native American Church includes aspects of Christianity and uses __________ as a sacrament.

a) LSD

b) Peyote

c) Cohoba snuff

d) Coca leaves

b) Peyote

Besides hallucinations, what else does mescaline produce?

a) Sedation and drowsiness

b) Analgesia

c) Hunger and thirst

d) Pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and blood pressure

d) Pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and blood pressure

The catechol hallucinogens include mescaline plus a variety of synthetic derivatives of which of the following?

a) Amphetamine

b) Morphine

c) Cocaine

d) Acetylcholine

a) Amphetamine

Which drug has been reported to produce an increase in sociability and euphoria as well as an increase in blood pressure, body temperature, and pulse?

a) MDMA

b) PCP

c) Scopolamine

d) Bufotenin

a) MDMA

What two drugs share the rave scene with MDMA?

a) DOM and Mescaline

b) 2-C-T7 and Scopolamine

c) Scopolamine and Mescaline

d) 2-CB and 2-C-T7

d) 2-CB and 2-C-T7

How did the 2012 Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey rank ecstasy use in Canada?

a) The most commonly used illicit drug

b) The second most commonly used illicit drug

c) The third most commonly used illicit drug

d) A seldom used illicit drug

c) The third most commonly used illicit drug

Ricaurte and colleagues were forced to retract their paper one year after it was published in The New York Times on September 27, 2002, because they discovered what drug had been mistakenly given, rather than MDMA?

a) Mescaline

b) 2-C-T7

c) Methamphetamine

d) DOM

c) Methamphetamine

How was PCP, patented as Sernyl, first tested?

a) As a treatment for alcohol dependence

b) As a calming agent for nervous pets

c) As a dissociative anesthetic

d) As an antidepressant

c) As a dissociative anesthetic

29.

How is the PCP experience different from the LSD and mescaline experiences?

a) PCP users report more changes in body perception

b) PCP users are more talkative

c) PCP users report a lot of pain and discomfort

d) PCP users see things in black and white instead of in colour

a) PCP users report more changes in body perception

Martha was telling her friends she was using peace pill and angel dust. Which substance was she describing?

a) DMT

b) Psilocybin

c) Methamphetamine

d) PCP

d) PCP

Atropa belladonna is also known by what name?

a) Sweet potato

b) Deadly nightshade

c) Lively lavender

d) Inky cap

b) Deadly nightshade

What is the anticholinergic plant with a forked root that is mentioned in the Bible?

a) Aeyote

b) Ayahuasca

c) Mandrake

d) Bufotenin

c) Mandrake

What does the plant Jimson weed contain?

a) Anticholinergic chemicals

b) LSD

c) Psilocybin

d) Ephedrine

a) Anticholinergic chemicals

All of the following describe the Amanita muscaria mushroom EXCEPT which one?

a) Older literature suggests eating it can result in raving drunkenness, with agitation, and vivid hallucinations

b) One of the most common poisonous mushrooms found in forests around the world

c) One of the rarest poisonous mushrooms found only in the Himalaya mountains

d) Older literature suggests eating it can result in severe effects of intoxication, such as muscular twitching

c) One of the rarest poisonous mushrooms found only in the Himalaya mountains

All of the following are psychological effects of Salvia divinorum EXCEPT which one?

a) Feeling like someone or something else

b) Increased insight

c) Difficulty sleeping

d) Depression

d) Depression

What is the red and white speckled mushroom that has been associated with early Christianity and other religions all over the world?

a) Datura inoxia

b) Psilocybe cubensis

c) Amanita muscaria

d) Mescal

c) Amanita muscaria

What is the indole that is originally found in toad skins yet turned out not to be a very potent hallucinogen?

a) Bufotenin

b) Muscimol

c) Ergotamine

d) Mescaline

a) Bufotenin