unit 3 aois - complete

extensor digitorum brevis origin

dorsal surface of calcaneus

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

proximal middle phalanges of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th

extensor digitorum brevis innervation

deep peroneal (fibular) nerve (L4, L5, S1)

extensor digitorum brevis action

extends digits 2nd-5th

extensor hallucis brevis origin

• from the distal of superior and lateral surface of the calcaneus

• lateral talocalcaneal ligament

• inferior extensor retinaculum

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

dorsal surface of the base of the proximal phalange

extensor hallucis brevis innervation

deep peroneal (fibular) nerve (L4, L5, S1)

extensor hallucis brevis action

extension of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the hallux

abductor hallucis origin

• medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity

• flexor retinaculum

• plantar aponeurosis

abductor hallucis insertion

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

abductor hallucis innervation

medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

abductor hallucis action

abducts and flexor great toe (hallux)

flexor digitorum brevis origin

• medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity

• plantar aponeurosis

• intermuscular septa

flexor digitorum brevis insertion

both sides of middle phalanges of lateral four digits

flexor digitorum brevis innervation

medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

flexor digitorum brevis action

flexes lateral four digits

abductor digiti minimi origin

• medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneal tuberosity

• plantar aponeurosis

• intermuscular septa

abductor digiti minimi insertion

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

abductor digiti minimi innervation

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

abductor digiti minimi action

abducts and flexes 5th digit

quadratus plantae origin

plantar surface of calcaneus

quadratus plantae insertion

tendon of flexor digitorum longus

quadratus plantae innervation

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

quadratus plantae action

assists flexor digitorum longus with flexion of lateral four digits

lumbricals origin

tendons of flexor digitorum longus

lumbricals insertion

medial aspect of lateral four digits

lumbricals innervation

• medial one: medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

• lateral one: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

lumbricals action

• flexes proximal phalanx

• extends middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

flexor hallucis brevis origin

plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

medial and lateral sides of the proximal, 1st digit

flexor hallucis brevis innervation

medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)

flexor hallucis brevis action

flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit

adductor hallucis origin

• oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4

• transverse head: plantar ligaments of 3rd-5th metatarsophalangeal joints

adductor hallucis insertion

proximal-lateral base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

adductor hallucis innervation

deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

adductor hallucis action

• adducts 1st digit

• assists in maintaining transverse arch of the foot

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

base of 5th metatarsal

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit

plantar interossei origin

bases of medial sides of metatarsals 3-5

plantar interossei insertion

medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3rd-5th digits

plantar interossei innervation

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

plantar interossei action

• adducts digits 3-5

• flex metatarsophalangeal joints

dorsal interossei origin

adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

dorsal interossei innervation

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

dorsal interossei action

abducts digits (2-4) and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

soleus origin

• posterior aspect of head of fibula

• soleal line

• medial border of tibia

soleus insertion

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (achilles tendon)

soleus innervation

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

soleus action

plantarflexes ankle

plantaris origin

• lateral supracondylar line of femur

• oblique popliteal ligament

flexor hallucis longus origin

inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula

flexor hallucis longus insertion

base of distal phalanx of great toe

flexor hallucis longus innervation

tibial nerve (S2, S3)

flexor hallucis longus action

• flexes great toe

• weakly plantarflexes ankle

• supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

flexor digitorum longus origin

• medial part of posterior surface of tibia

• inferior to soleal line

flexor digitorum longus insertion

bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

flexor digitorum longus innervation

tibial nerve (S2, S3)

flexor digitorum longus action

• flexes lateral four digits

• plantarflexes ankle

• supports longitudinal arches of foot

tibialis posterior origin

• interosseous membrane

• posterior surface of tibia

• inferior to soleal line

• posterior surface of fibula

tibialis posterior insertion

primarily to navicular tuberosity

tibialis posterior innervation

tibial nerve (L4, L5)

tibialis posterior action

• plantarflexes ankle

• inverts foot

• supports medial longitudinal arch

biceps femoris origin

• long head: ischial tuberosity

• short head: linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line of femur

biceps femoris insertion

head of fibula

biceps femoris innervation

• long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

• short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

biceps femoris action

• extend hip

• flex knee and laterally (externally) rotate it when knee is flexed

sermitendinosus origin

ischial tuberosity

sermitendinosus insertion

pes anserine

sermitendinosus innervation

tibial nerve division from sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)

sermitendinosus action

• extends hip

• flex knee and medially (internally) rotates leg when knee is flexed

semimembranosus origin

ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus insertion

• medial meniscus

• posterior/medial condyle of tibia

semimembranosus innervation

tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)

semimembranosus action

• extends hip

• flex knee and medially (internally) rotates leg when knee is flexed

vastus lateralis origin

• greater trochanter

• gluteal line

• lateral lip of linea aspera

vastus lateralis insertion

patella

vastus lateralis innervation

femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus lateralis action

extend knee

vastus medialis origin

• intertrochanteric line

• medial lip of linea aspera

vastus medialis insertion

patella

vastus medialis innervation

femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus medialis action

extend knee

vastus intermedius origin

proximal anterior and lateral shaft of femur

vastus intermedius insertion

patella

vastus intermedius innervation

femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus intermedius action

extend knee

articularis genu origin

anterior lower shaft of femur

articularis genu insertion

• suprapatellar bursa

• superior patella

articularis genu innervation

femoral (L2, L3, L4)

articularis genu action

prevents impingement of capsule by pulling synovial membrane superiorly during knee extension

gastrocnemius origin

• lateral head: proximal part of lateral condyle

• medial head: popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle

gastrocnemius insertion

posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

gastrocnemius innervation

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

gastrocnemius action

• knee flexion

• ankle plantarflexion

plantaris origin

• lateral supracondylar line

• oblique popliteal ligament

plantaris insertion

medial, posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

plantaris innervation

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

plantaris action

plantarflexion