Lab 5

These flashcards cover key terminology related to cardiovascular physiology, including heart sounds, blood pressure, and cardiac output.

Heart Sounds

Sounds produced by the turbulent backwash of blood in the heart chambers following the closure of the heart's valves.

Lub

The first heart sound associated with the closure of the atrioventricular (AV) valves at the beginning of ventricular systole.

Dub

The second heart sound associated with closure of the semilunar valves following ventricular systole.

Blood Pressure

The pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, measured as systolic and diastolic pressure.

Systolic Pressure

The pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart muscle.

Diastolic Pressure

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Korotkoff Sounds

Sounds heard through a stethoscope indicating the phases of blood pressure measurement.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

A recording of the electrical activity of the heart, providing important information about heart function.

Cardiac Output

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute; calculated as heart rate times stroke volume (Q = HR x SV).

Stroke Volume

The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in one contraction.

Bradycardia

An abnormally slow heart rate, often induced by physiological responses such as facial immersion in water.

Vasoconstriction

The narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure and reduces blood flow to non-essential areas.

Vasodilation

The widening of blood vessels, resulting in decreased blood pressure and increased blood flow.

Respiratory Pump

The mechanism by which breathing movements create pressure changes that assist in venous blood return.

Sphygmomanometer

An instrument used to measure blood pressure.

Auscultatory Method

An indirect method of measuring blood pressure by listening for sounds in the arteries.