HA exam 3- hair skin and nails NO LESIONS

pallor

paleness

anemia

deficiency of rbcs

shock

decreased perfusion, vasoconstriction

albinism

no pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

vitiligo

white patches on the skin; caused by the destruction of melanocytes

cyanosis

bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood

central cyanosis

chronic heart and lung disease causes arterial desaturation

peripheral cyanosis

exposure to cold, anxiety

erythema

redness in skin

hyperemia

increased blood in engorged arterioles (ex- inflammation, fever, alcohol intake, bruising)

polycthemia

too many rbcs in blood

venous stasis

decreased blood flow from area, engorged venules

jaundice

yellowing of the skin

carotenemia

yellowing of the skin; from excess beta-carotene in body

uremia

renal failure causes retained urochrome pigments in the blood

addisons disease

cortisol deficiency stimulates increased melanin production

Pressure Injuries: Stage 1

non-blanching erythema; if you press on it lightly, it does not turn white

Pressure Injuries: Stage 2

partial-thickness skin loss (blister)

Pressure Injuries: Stage 3

full-thickness skin loss (open wound)

Pressure Injuries: Stage 4

full-thickness skin or tissue loss (see muscle or bone)

1

Pressure Injuries: Stage

2

Pressure Injuries: Stage

3

Pressure Injuries: Stage

4

Pressure Injuries: Stage

ecchymosis

bruising

skin elasticity

turgor

bruise

contousion

psoriasis

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

hiruitism

excessive hair growth

view index finger at angle of nail base

when examining nails,

160 degrees

180 degrees or more = clubbing

nails should be (degrees)

less than 2 seconds

capillary refill should be

thickened areas of epidermis

Keratoses

xerosis

dry skin

Solar lentigines

liver spots

mobility and turgor, hair growth, nail growth, and brittle nails

in aging adult, decreased

UV radiation

The most important risk factor for skin cancer

whites

increased risk for skin cancer in

melanoma

Increased risk for ______ w/increased number of sunburns

elasticity (skinfolds and sags), sweat and sebaceous glands decrease in # and function (dry), skin breakdown (due to slower cell replacement/delayed wound healing)

in the aging adult, loss of/decreased

functioning melanocytes decrease

cause of gray hair in the aging adult

discoloration due to increasing capillary fragility

senile purpura happens in the aging adult. this is

Pruritus

severe itching

Anasarca

full body edema

injury working its way out

deep tissue injury