History Exam Final

Torah

The Holy Book of Judaism.

Rabbinic Literature

Writings of the teachers (Rabbi) and priests in Judaism, with Rabbis being more important than priests.

Josephus

A Romanized Jewish author from the 1st century, coming from the priestly class, who wrote about the Jewish rebellion and became a Jewish emperor.

Hebrews

Descendants of Abraham, who left the city of Ur in Mesopotamia in search of a promised land.

Jacob

Grandson of Abraham who wrestled with a divine force and was renamed Israel.” I have a new main.”

Moses

Received the Ten Commandments from Yahweh, promoting monotheism among the Israelites.

Philistines

Became a region divided into the Kingdom of Judah and the Kingdom of Israel, with the temple being destroyed by Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar.

Jews

Followers of Nebuchadnezzar's faith, who rebuilt the temple after the Diaspora.

Sadducees

Group with a strict literal interpretation of written laws in Judaism.

Pharisees

Believed in flexible interpretations of written and oral laws in Judaism.

Essenes

Ascetic communities in Judaism who shared material possessions and believed in celibacy.

Zealots

Jewish group passionate about not having a king but God.

Samaritans

Strict followers of the Torah who rejected Rabbinic Literature.

Christianity

Followers of Christ who were initially identified as Jews and faced persecution by the Romans.

Constantine

Roman emperor who adopted Christianity as the main religion and supported the Church.

Edict of Milan

Decree that stopped the persecution of Christians and allowed for their tolerance.

Islam

Religion developed on the Arabian Peninsula, with Muhammad as the last prophet and the Quran as the holy book.

Sahabah

Companions of Muhammad who were part of his inner council.

Mecca

City where Muhammad was from, known for the Ka'aba shrine and trade.

Diaspora

forced migration