Properties of Substances & Covalent Molecular Geometry

non polar molecular determinants

symmetrical, equally shared e, no unshared e, zero EN diff

non polar molecular IMF

london dispersion forces; very weak, no charge

non polar molecular electrical conductivity

no

non polar molecular melting/boiling point

low - depends on molar mass

non polar molecular solubility

dissolves in non polar liquids

non polar molecular other properties

volatile (easily evaporates)

polar molecular determinants

asymmetrical, unequally shared e, EN diff

polar molecular IMF

dipoles (partial charges attract), H bonds (H-N, O, or F), stronger than nonpolar

polar molecular electrical conductivity

no, except for acids

polar molecular melting/boiling point

medium

polar molecular solubility

dissolves in polar liquids - polar

polar molecular other properties

surface tension w strong h bonds

ionic IMF

opposite charges attract (metal = + loses, nonmetal = - gains), strong

ionic electrical conductivity

no - solid, yes - liquid (free flowing e)

ionic melting/boiling point

high (depends on charges)

ionic solubility

dissolves in polar liquids

ionic other properties

crystal lattice (alternative positive, negative ions), large network of ions

metallic IMF

sea of valence e (free flowing), very strong

metallic electrical conductivity

yes

metallic melting/boiling point

varies

metallic solubility

no

metallic other properties

malleable (flatten by compression), ductile (stretch into wires by pulling), luster

network IMF

covalent bonds, extremely strong

network electrical conductivity

no

network melting/boiling point

very high

network solubility

no

network other properties

no change or reaction

linear

2 atoms bonded to central, 0 unshared e pairs around central

trigonal planar

3 atoms bonded to central, 0 unshared e pairs around central

tetrahedral

4 atoms bonded to central, 0 unshared e paris around central

trigonal pyramidal

3 atoms bonded to central, 1 unshared e pair around central

bent

2 atoms bonded to central, 2 unshared e pairs around central