forensic

What is the definition of forensic science?

Forensic science involves using scientific methods to address questions of interest to the legal system.

Who developed the first scientific system of personal identification?

Alphonse Bertillon.

What principle states that contact between two items results in an exchange?

Locard's Exchange Principle.

What are the three main types of fingerprint patterns?

Loops, whorls, and arches.

What does STR stand for in DNA analysis?

Short Tandem Repeats.

What is the role of forensic toxicology?

The study of drugs, poisons, and toxins.

How can age be determined in forensic anthropology?

Through analysis of growth plates and dental patterns.

What is the purpose of handwriting analysis in questioned documents?

To examine characteristics like slant and pressure to identify forgeries.

What are the three phases of ballistics in firearms analysis?

Internal ballistics, external ballistics, terminal ballistics.

What is the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)?

A system used to compare DNA profiles from various sources.

What does chain of custody refer to in forensic science?

The process of documentation and handling of evidence to maintain its integrity.

What types of evidence can be collected from a crime scene?

Biological (blood, hair), physical (footprints, fibers), and trace evidence.

What is the analysis system used for matching fingerprints?

AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System).

What is the first step in DNA analysis?

Extraction of DNA from cells.

What significance does the study of insects have in forensic science?

It helps estimate the time of death using insect evidence.

What is the primary focus of digital forensics?

Tracking digital footprints and analyzing electronic evidence.