Chapter 4: Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions

Combination Reaction

2 or more elements (or simple compounds) combine to form 1 product

Decomposition Reaction

1 substance splits into 2 or more simpler substances

Single Replacement Reaction

A redox reaction, in which 1 ion (cation or anion) replaces another in a compound, producing a new compound

Double Replacement Reaction

2 elements in the reactants exchange places

Involves the "exchange of partners" between 2 reacting chemical compounds

What does it mean when a chemical equation is balanced?

Equal numbers of atoms for each element are represented on the reactant and product sides

Spectator Ions

Ions whose presence is required to maintain charge neutrality and are neither chemically nor physically changed by the process

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

Which one or more elements involved undergo a change in oxidation number

Oxidation = increase in oxidation number

Reduction = decrease in oxidation number

Limiting Reagent

Entirely consumed during the reaction and limits the amount of product that may be generated