non-communicable disease

what is a genetic disorder?

a non-communicable disease caused by fault alleles of genes

what is malnutrition?

a condition caused by getting too litte or too much of certain nutrients from food

how can malnutrition lead to disease?

a lack of a specific nutrient can cause a deficiency disease

what nutrient deficiency causes kwashiorkor?

protein deficiency

what are the symptoms of kwashiorkor?

enlarged belly, small muscles, and failure to grow properly

what are good dietary sources for protein?

meat, fish, dairy, eggs

what nutrient deficiency causes scurvy?

vitamin C

what are the symptoms of scurvy?

swellinga bleeding gums, muscle and joint pain, tiredness

what are good dietary sources of vitamin C?

citrus fruits, and some vegetables such as broccoli

what nutrient deficiency causes rickets or osteomalacia?

vitamin D and/or calcium

what are symptoms of rickets/osteomalacia?

soft bones, curved leg bones

what are good dietary sources of vitamin D and calcium?

vitamin D: oily fish

calcium: dairy products

what nutrient deficiency causes anaemia?

iron

what are the symptoms of anaemia?

red blood cells that are smaller than usual and in reduced numbers, tiredness

what are good dietary sources of iron?

red meat, darky green leafy vegetables, egg yolk

why is ethanol considered a drug?

because it changed the way the body works

which organ breaks down ethanol in the body?

the liver

what can long-term excessive alcohol consumption cause?

liver disease, including cirrhosis

what is cirrhosis of the liver?

a condition where the liver becomes damages and does not function properly