World War II Test Review Sophmore Year Social Studies

Dictators (Axis Powers)

1.Adolf Hitler (Germany) 2.Benito Mussolini (Italy) 3.Hirohito (Japan) signed the Mutual Defense Treaty called the Tripartite Pact-created the Axis Powers

Adolf Hitler

Dictator, Germany, Nazi/Fascism (Axis Powers) 1 of 3

Benito Mussolini

Dictator, Italy, Fascism (Axis Powers) 1 of 3

Hirohito

Dictator, Japan, Militarism (Axis Powers) 1 of 3

Events Leading to World War II

(1 of 4) 1933 Hitler withdrew Germany from the League of Nations and rearmed the military.

Events Leading to World War II

(2 of 4) 1938 Hitler annexed Austria

Events Leading to World War II

(3 of 4) 1938 Britain and France used appeasement to avoid conflict by giving Hitler the Sudentenland region of Czechoslovakia.

Events Leading to World War II

(4 of 4) 1939 Germany invaded Poland France and Britain declare war; WWII begins

US Entry into WWII 1. The U.S. placed and embargo on Japan,

restricting vital goods like oil and steel

US Entry into WWII 2. On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Peral Harbor

in Hawaii, killing thousands of Americans

Entry into WWII 3. In response to the attack on Pearl Harbor President Roosevelt asked

Congress to declare war on Japan, which it does

The Flying Tigers

American volunteer pilots who supported China against Japanese forces.

The Navajo Code Talkers

Used their native language to create an unbreakable code for the U.S. military.

The Tuskegee Airmen

First African American military aviators, known for their role in escorting bombers. They broke racial barriers and bravely served int he US military.

Vernon J. Baker

Decorated African American soldier who displayed heroism like destroying machine gun nests but only received the Congressional Medal of Honor 52 years later.

Propoganda Posters

Encouraged recruitment, resource conservation, and public morale.

Rationing

limited the availability of goods like meat and gasoline to ensure sufficient resources for the troops.

Victory Gardens

Civilians were encouraged to plant victory gardens to increase availability of food for soldiers

Executive Order 9066

violated Japanese Americans’ constitutional rights by forcing them to relocate to internment camps. They could not exercise the following amendments (1st, 45h, 5th or 14th). They were later compensated after the war ended.

By 1942, which country controlled most of Europe?

Germany

Why were advancements like radar and sonar important during World War II?

They helped detect enemy ships and aircraft, improving defense attack

War in Europe (The Allies -Great Britain, France, U.S.A, Russia, China) first invade North Africa then Italy

causing the German army to be cut off from Supplies and reinforcements

Operation Overland on June 6, 1944

Dwight D. Eisenhower led the D-Day invasion into Normandy, France

V-E Day (Victory in Europe) is declared on May 8, 1945

The Soviets march on the German Capital of Berlin, defeating the Nazis.

Event that caused Germany to surrender

Hitler’s suicide-Allies take over Berlin

Holocaust (impact on the Jewish population)

Mass Genocide (mass murder) 6 million Jews died. 11-12 million people in the total died during the Holocaust

Nuremberg Trials

Post-war trials prosecuted Nazi leaders for war crimes, establishing the precedent for international law

WWII Commander, Admiral Chester Nimitz

Helped American forces ensure victory at the Battle of Midway

WWII Commander, Dwight Eisenhower

Oversaw Operation Overload (D-Day) and the invasion of Western Europe

WWII Commander, Douglas MacArthur

Commanded the allied forces during fighting in the Pacific

War in the Pacific, Battle of Midway

Turning point in the Pacific , where the U.S. defeated Japan decisively, halting Japanese expansion in the Pacific.

War in the Pacific, Bataan Death March

Brutal forced to march of American and Fillipino POWs by Japanese forces

War in the Pacific, Island Hopping Strategy

Avoiding hevily fortified islands in the Pacific and seizing less defended , but more strategic ones in order to advance toward Japan

War in the Pacific, Manhattan Project

Secret U.S. project in Los Alamos, New Mexico to develop nuclear weapons (on guide twice)

Harry Truman

Decided to use the atomic bomb after Japan refused to surrender

Truman decides against a land invasion of Japan and instead

Drops atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ending WWII