Unit 5: emergency care

EAP's: what does it stand for? define it

Emergency Action Plans. it is a written plan with procedures and roles to follow during an emergency

what are the 3 p's?

posted, practical, practiced

how do you develop an EAP? 5 steps

1. Identify emergency 2. identify locations/people 3. get proper steps to address it 4. post event evaluation 5. injury prevention strategy

what is EMS? what is my role?

A chain made of several links depending on each other for success. my role is to recognize that there is an emergency, act, activate the EMS, and give care

EMD - what is it?

emergency medical dispatcher: 9-1-1 calls, very very smart and always active

EMR - what is it?

emergency medical responder. "first responder"

EMT - what is it? what can they do?

emergency medical technicians. basic med care coming from a state or local certification

Paramedic - more in-depth training than what group? what are they?

more in-depth training than an EMT. health professional, 2-year degree

Why do people hesitate to help? 6 reasons

1. not sure if there is an emergency 2. afraid to mess up 3. assuming situation is under control 4. not good with sight, sound, or smells 5. fear of disease 6. fear of litigation (being sued)

what are the 6 leading causes of death in the US?

1. heart disease 2. cancer 3. unintentional injuries (car crash) 4. chronic respiratory disease 5. stroke 6. other

what are the 3 C's? Explain each

Check (check everything prior to touching/touching victim) , Call first if (unconscious, sudden collapse, cardiac emergency. Care - don't call them first if (choking, has epipen and an allergic reaction occurs, life-threatening bleeding.

Contrast landline and cell phone

landline - straight to local EMS. cell phone - goes to nearest tower. then transferred to local EMS

what are some precautions to take when caring for someone? 6

1. no further harm 2. monitor breathing 3. help them rest in comforting spot 4. keep temp. regulated 5. reassure victim, may do care you are training to do

consent - define

permission from person

implied consent - define

law assumes person would give consent if they could

Abandonment - define

do not stop care until EMS arrives

Define the good samaritan law

do your best and you won't get in trouble

when do you never transport. patient? 3 reasons

aggravating movement, has/may develop a life threatening condition, unsure of nature of injury/illness

when can you move a patient? 3 times

immediate danger, have to get to another victim, necessary to move so you can perform proper care

what are some emergency ways of moving someone?

walking assist, clothes drag, ankle drag, blanket drag

what is the victims ID?

adult = adolescents (after puberty). child = 1 year to puberty. Infant = less than 1 yr old

what are the steps to checking a responsive person?

conduct an interview: who what when where. SAMPLE. Head to toe check

What is shock? S/S?

failure to circulate 02 blood efficiently. vomitting, ashen, hyperpnea

how do you care for shock? 5 steps

1. call 911 2. elevate legs 6-12 inches 3. body temp. 4. control bleeding 5. don't give anything by mouth

how do you check an unconscious person? 4 steps

1. tap and should "are you okay?" 2. call 911 3. check ABC's : airway, breathing, circulation 4. CPR if needed

What is an SA node?

sinoatrial, "pacemaker" of heart

what is an Av node?

atrialventricular node; delay signals

What are purkinje fibers?

surround ventricles, allow them to contract

EKG - what does it stand for?

electrocardiogram

What is ventricular fibrillation? (V-fib)

disorganized electrical activity

What is ventricular tachycardia? (V-tach)

rapid contraction of ventricles

Asystole - what happens?

flatline/no electrical activity

What 2 types of heart failures can be corrected by an AED?

V-tach and V-fib

CPR/AED special considerations (5)

pregnant woman- no limitations. pain patches - remove if needed. pace makers - don't place over device. weather - only have to move person if they are submerged in water. Metal; i.e. piercings; do not need to remove

Coronary artery disease - what happens?

arteries harden and narrow limiting blood supply to the heart muscle

Atherosclerosis - what happens?

narrowing of arteries due to cholesterol and fatty deposits called plaque building up on the artery walls

Heart attack - what happens?

blood flow to part of the heart is blocked

angina pecgtoris - what does it feel like?

chest pain due to lack of O2 blood to heart

Nitroglycerin - what does it do?

a medication that temporarily widens arteries and relieves chest pain (angina)

Cardiac arrest - what happens?

the heart stops beating or is not beating effectively enough to get blood to vital organs

tracheostomy - what is this?

a surgically created opening in the front of the neck if the upper airway is clogged

what are the 10 S/S of a heart attack

terrible chest pain, pain in upper extremities, dizziness, trouble breathing, nausea, ashen, sweat, anxiety, fatigue, unresponsiveness

why is aspirin good to take if someone is still responsive during a heart attack?

it may help prevent blood clotting