21st Cent - Lesson 2 History of Literature

Pre-Colonial Period (1500s)

At this time, It is oral in nature which contains mostly about the life of the Filipino people in the ancient times.

Oral Literature

Riddles, Proverbs

Folk Songs

Lullabies, Drinking Songs, Love Songs, Kumintang

Folktales

Myths, Legends, Fables, Epics

Riddle

a mystifying, misleading, or puzzling question posed as a problem to be solved or guessed.

Riddle

a mystifying, misleading, or puzzling question posed as a problem to be solved or guessed.

Spanish Period (1565-1898)

Literature during this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry, and secular prose and poetry.This period also includes literature produced by the Propaganda Movement and Revolutionary Literature

Religious Literature

Pasyon, Senakulo, Komedya

Pasyon

the passion (journey and suffering) and the death of Jesus Christ.

Senakulo

the re-enactment of the Pasyon.

Komedya

usually depicts the battle between the Muslims and the Christians

Non-Religious Literature

Awit, Korido, Prose Narratives

Awit

these are tales of chivalry where a knight saves a princess.

(Ex: Florante at Laura)

Korido

a long metrical tale that follows the structure of a poem.

(Ex: Ibong Adarna)

Prose Narratives

are easy to understand instructional materials that teach Filipinos on proper decorum.

(Ex. Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na

sina Urbana at Feliza, 1864)

Propaganda Literature

These were writings in the form of satires, editorials, and news articles that aim to attack the Spanish government

Garciano Lopez Jaena

Wrote the “Ang Fray Botod, La

Hija Del Fraile, & Everything is Hambug”

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

Wrote the “Dasalan at Tocsohan, Kaiingat Kayo, at Ang Cadaquilaan ng Dios”

Jose Rizal

Wrote the “Noli Me Tangere & EL

Filibuterismo”

Revolutionary Period

It sparked the revolution and resistance in the hearts of the Filipinos

Andres Bonifacio

Wrote the “Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa”

Emilio Jacinto

Wrote the “Liwanag at Dilim”

Apolionario Mabini

Wrote the “EL DESAROLLO Y CAIDA

DE LA REPUBLICA FILIPINA”

EL HERALDO DE LA REVOLUCION (Herald of the Revolution)

printed the decrees of the Revolutionary Government, news, and works in Tagalog that aroused nationalism. This is the official newspaper of the revolutionary Government of Aguinaldo

LA INDEPENDENCIA (Independence)

a newspaper founded and edited by Gen. Antonio Luna

LA REPUBLICA FILIPINA (The Philippine Republic)

a Private newspaper edited by Pedro Paterno.

LA LIBERTAD (Liberty)

another private newspaper edited by Clemente

Zulueta

American Period (1898-1946)

The Philippine public school system was introduced.

The use of English alongside Filipino was practiced .

Free public education was given to Filipinos.

Literature was imitative of Americal model

JOSE CORAZON DE JESUS (1832-1896)

Popularity known as “Batute”, created his own generation with his first book of poems.

SEVERINO REYES (1861-1942)

Spearheaded a movement to supplant the komedya with a new type of drama, the Sarsuwela, a Filipino adaptation of Spanish Zarzuela.

Gabriel Beato Francisco (1850-1935)

is best known for his trilogy of Fulgencia Galbillo (1907), Capitan Bensio (1907) Alfaro ( 1909), depicting the 30 years of colonial repression by Spanish rule

Inigo Ed. Regalado ( 1888- 1976)

Madaling araw (1909) was his first novel showing the complex interrelations of issues and people in contemporary Philippine Society

Juan Lauro Arsciwals (1889- 1928)

Lalaking Ulirano Tulisan (1914), allusion to the colonial law that branded Filipino patriots as bandits

Japanese Period (1941-1945)

The use of English language was forbidden and the use of Filipino language was mandated under the Japanese rule.

Almost all news papers were stopped except for some.

Themes: Nationalism, country, and life in the barrios.

Contemporary Period (1986-Present)

The development of Philippine literature in various languages continue especially with the new publications after the Martial Law years.

The rise of mass printing and digital technology led to better accessibility for Filipino authors who wanted to publish their work