Section E

What is the World Health Organization's definition of good health?

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease or infirmity.

How is disease defined?

A condition that negatively affects the normal functioning of the body or mind, caused by pathogens, genetics, environment, or lifestyle.

What are communicable diseases?

Diseases that can be spread from person to person, such as flu, cholera, and HIV/AIDS.

What are non-communicable diseases?

Diseases that cannot spread from person to person, including chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease, and inherited disorders.

What is the difference between signs and symptoms of disease?

Signs are objective indicators that can be seen or measured (e.g., fever), while symptoms are subjective feelings reported by the patient (e.g., pain, fatigue).

What are primary symptoms of asthma?

Shortness of breath, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing.

What causes asthma?

Allergens (like dust and pollen), cold air, exercise, and stress.

What is the treatment for asthma?

Inhalers (bronchodilators), avoiding triggers, and anti-inflammatory medications.

How does asthma affect the respiratory tract?

Airways become inflamed and narrow, muscles around airways tighten, and mucus builds up, causing difficulty in breathing.

What causes obesity?

Overeating, poor diet, and lack of exercise.

What are signs/symptoms of diabetes mellitus type I?

Frequent urination, excessive thirst, and weight loss.

What triggers Type II diabetes?

Insulin resistance, often associated with obesity.

What is the primary prevention measure for cardiovascular diseases?

Healthy eating and regular physical activity.

How is influenza transmitted?

Via virus spread from person to person.

What symptoms are associated with pneumonia?

Chest pain and fever.

What can help to prevent HIV/AIDS?

Safe sex practices, regular testing, and avoiding sharing needles.

What is the role of antibiotics?

To kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, and they do not work on viruses.

What are the sources of natural passive immunity?

Antibodies received from the mother through placenta or breast milk.

What is the difference between immunity and immunization?

Immunity is the ability to resist infection, while immunization refers to the process of becoming immune, typically through vaccination.

Why is personal hygiene important?

To avoid body odor, prevent infections, gain social acceptance, and avoid dental issues.

What methods can be used for controlling vector populations?

Eliminating breeding sites, using insecticides/repellents, and maintaining personal hygiene.

What distinguishes a disinfectant from an antiseptic?

Disinfectants are used on non-living surfaces to kill germs, while antiseptics are safe for living tissue (skin) to inhibit or kill germs.