AP World History Timeline Part 1

Abbasid Caliphate

750-1258

Dar Al Islam

islamic term for Muslim regions of the world where Islam is dominant.

Baghdad

Capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, known for its cultural and intellectual achievements.

What was the Abbasid Caliphate built around

Built around trade, used a bill and receipt system

What rose after the Abbasid Caliphate's decline?

Turkic Muslim empires like the Seljuk empire were able to come to power

Song dynasty

950- 1279

Neo- Confucianism

Emphasized hierarchy and filial piety

Filial Piety

practice of honoring one’s ancestors and parents, placed lowest importance on daughter in law

Expansion of the imperial bureaucracy through merit-based bureaucratic jobs, was done to maintain what?

Loyalty

Economic development occurred from what during the Song Dynasty?

Champa rice ( a special rice variant), trade across Eurasia, and Grand Canal expansion

Crusades

1095-1291

What were used by European Christians to convert Muslims and non christians?

military campaigns

Delhi Sultanate

1206- 1526

This empire led to the spread of what religion in Southeast Asia?

Islam

What kingdom resisted muslim intrusion and maintained Hindu influence?

The Rajput kingdom

Reign of Ghenghis Khan

1206-1227

What year does Khan establish the Mongol empire?

1206

Why did the tribes unify in Mongolia?

To expand their authority over other societies

What were the impacts of the Mongols?

Diffusion of Culture, prevented Russia from culturally developing, increased world trade, and global awareness

What are characteristics of the Mongol forces?

They were organized, mobile, and ruthless fighters

What trade system developed by the Han dynasty, was influential to the Mongol empire?

The silk road, as well as other trade.

What year was the Magna Carta signed?

1215

What did the Magna Carta allow for citizens?

Right to fair trial

In what year was Baghdad and the Abbasid Caliphate destroyed by the Mongols?

1258

Yuan dynasty

1279-1368

The Yuan dynasty was the first…?

Foreign ruled dynasty to be commandeered (taken over) all of China

Ottoman empire

1299-1923

Who founded the Ottoman empire as the Mongols fell and expanded rapidly?

Osman Bey

The Ottoman empire solidified rule over what areas?

From Greece to Persia

The adoption of what weapon was crucial for expansion?

Gunpowder weapons

What are Devshirme?

Enslaved Christians from the Balkans, they were converted to Islam to form an elite fighting force (the Janissaries)

What year was Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca?

1324

Where did his pilgrimage introduce wealth to?

Mali and the rest of the Mediterranean

What year was Tenochitlan founded?

1325

Tenochitlan was the capital of which empire?

The Aztec empire

true or false, Tenochitlan became commercialized and markets were established

True

Ibn Battuta’s travels

1325-1354

Where did Ibn Battuta travel?

Over Dar Al islam

Why was Ibn Battuta able to travel over Dar Al Islam?

Because of trade routes

What did Ibn Buttuta’s travels help his readers understand?

Culture across the world

Black Death/ Bubonic Plague

1346-1388

Where did the Black Death emerge from?

North China

Where did the Black Death spread rapidly to?

The Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade routes

How much of the Middle Eastern population was killed from the Black Death?

1/3 of the population

How much of the European population was killed from the Black Death?

½ of the population

Ming Dynasty

1368-1644

What Dynasty emerged from the decline of Mongol rule in China?

The Ming Dynasty

What came as a result of the Ming Dynasty’s rule?

Peace and order was established, as well as their borders expanded with the help of gunpowder (weapons)

Zheng He’s voyages

1405-1433

Who sent Zheng He on his voyages of the Indian Ocean?

The Ming Dynasty

What was the other reason besides exploration for Zheng He’s voyages?

To enroll other states in China’s tributary system

What is a tributary system?

A economic and political arrangement in which one state/region provides goods, resources, or labor, In exchange for protection and support

Aztec empire - “Trade and Sacrifice”

1428-1521

The capital of the Aztec empire

Tenochitlan

What were some characteristics of the Aztec empire?

They had an expansionist policy and a strict, professional army

What did the Aztec’s do to secure their legitimacy as rulers?

They claimed heritage from older, more renowned meso-american people

Inca empire

1438-1533

What were characteristics of the Incan empire?

They followed expansionist policies, and they had an army, unified language, established bureaucracy, and a road and tunnel system

What is the Mit’a system?

The requirement for labor from everyone for a period of time each year to work on state projects

Swahili state building flourishes

1440

What year is the printing press invented, and by who?

It was invented in 1440 by Johannes Gutenburg

When was the Caravel invented in Europe?

1400s

What year was the start of the Atlantic Slave trade?

1441

How many enslaved africans were transported across the Atlantic during the Atlantic Slave trade?

Between 10 and 12 million

What were conditions like when slaves were brought across the Atlantic?

It was overcrowded, unsanitary, and brutal