Political Science 100 Concepts

A set of flashcards highlighting key political science concepts and definitions that will help students review for their exam.

Analytical approach

Perspective that views politics as an empirical discipline, emphasizing a comprehensive understanding rather than reduction into parts.

Class Analysis

Approach to studying politics that assumes division of populations by economic class is the primary explanatory factor.

Comparative approach

Method that compares different systems of political authority based on type, time period, or leadership.

Elite Theory

Theory suggesting that a select few manipulate government for their own advantage.

Liberal democracy

Political system based on freedom and individual liberty, requiring citizen participation and representation.

Political economy

Approach viewing political and economic spheres as mutually dependent and harmonious.

Positive liberty

Freedom to achieve one's full potential.

Sovereignty

Recognition by political authorities that a government is legitimate for a political community.

Capitalism

Economic system where production and distribution rely on private capital and investment.

Communism

Political theory advocating for public ownership of property and equitable compensation for effort.

Laissez-faire

Economic theory suggesting that reduced political control benefits the economic system.

Bureaucracy

Division of government responsible for implementing public policy, staffed by public employees.

Federalism

Form of governance dividing powers between central and regional governments.

Decentralization

Process of transferring authority from central government to regional governments.

Direct democracy

Political system where citizens are directly involved in decision-making.

Indirect democracy

Political system of representation where citizens elect delegates to act on their behalf.

Interest groups

Groups seeking to influence government policy without taking formal roles in elections.

Neorealism

International relations approach viewing the state as constrained by the international structure.