Quiz 1 BTEC3317

What is the best definition of biotechnology?

 

The use of technology to improve the environment

 

The use of technology to improve animals

 

The use of technology to improve products for the benefit of man

 

The use of technology to improve humans for the benefit of plants

The use of technology to improve organisms or their products for the benefit of man

Correct!

 

The use of technology to improve organisms or their products for the benefit of man

What was a major regulatory concern with FlavRSavR tomato?

 

The engineered enzyme might cause indigestion

 

The engineered enzyme is potentially allergenic

 

Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which could potentially cause disease in humans, was used to introduce the transgene

Agrobacterium tumefaciens which normally cause disease in plants was used to introduce the transgene

 

Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which could potentially cause disease in farm animals, was used to introduce the transgene

Correct!

 

Agrobacterium tumefaciens which normally cause disease in plants was used to introduce the transgene

Using a gene found in bacteria, many agricultural crops in the US have been genetically modified to be resistant to the herbicide, RoundUp. What is a major concern with plants genetically engineered to be RoundUp resistant?

 

The RoundUp resistance gene can cause cancer in humans

The RoundUp resistance gene can be passed on to difficult to control weeds.

 

The RoundUp resistance gene can increase the plant susceptibility to insects

 

The RoundUp resistance gene may increase disease incidence in plants

 

The RoundUp resistance gene might kill pollinating bees

Correct!

 

The RoundUp resistance gene can be passed on to difficult to control weeds.

What was the main concern with the engineering of Bt toxin gene in crop plants?

 

The Bt toxin may lead to herbicide resistant superweeds

 

The Bt toxin can cause indigestion in browsing deer

 

The Bt toxin may kill the plant

 

The Bt toxin may cause neurological disorders in humans

The Bt toxin may kill beneficial insects

Correct!

 

The Bt toxin may kill beneficial insects

Vaccines against many diseases have been successfully produced in plants. Hepatitis B vaccine, to protect against hepatitis B virus, has been successfully produced in banana. What disorder does the Hepatitis virus cause?

 

Diarrhea and dehydration

Liver damage

 

Lung congestion

 

Kidney damage

 

Foot and mouth disease

Correct!

 

Liver damage

The AquaAdvantage salmon was genetically engineered to be much faster growing than the native salmon counterpart. What is the main concern why FDA took 19 years to approve its commercialization?

 

The nutritional content has changed significantly compared to the native salmon

 

An antibiotic resistance gene is present in the recombinant DNA that was used

 

It may lead to the extinction of native salmon species

 

It might be capable of transmitting a virus to sushi lovers

 

It carries a virus that can kill the native salmon

Correct!

 

It may lead to the extinction of native salmon species

What is one reason as to why earlier gene therapy clinical trials in humans had to be stopped by the Food and Drug Administration?

 

Some patients refused to sign informed consent statements

 

One patient had uncontrolled bleeding

 

Some patients acquired a functional immune system

 

A patient acquired a viral infection from the viral vector used

A clinical trial participant died from hyperimmune response to the virus vector

Correct!

 

A clinical trial participant died from hyperimmune response to the virus vector

What is the main difference of modern from classical biotechnology?

 

Modern involves genetic manipulation while classical does not

 

Modern involves genetic improvement of living organisms while classical does not

 

Modern involves fermentation while classical does not

 

Modern involves recombinant DNA technology while classical does not

 

Modern involves selective breeding while classical does not

Correct!

 

Modern involves recombinant DNA technology while classical does not

Question 9

1 / 1 pts

The Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for protection against coronavirus (SARS-COV2) consist of mRNA transcribed from recombinant DNA. Therefore, it would be classified under which stage of biotechnology?

 

Ancient

 

Modern

 

Classical

 

Non genetically engineered

 

Elevated

Correct!

 

Modern

Which is not a major concern with xenotransplantation, or the use of animal organs in humans?

 

Possible carry over of bacterial pathogens from the donor animal into the human recipient

 

Some animals will reject the presence of human organs

 

Receiving an animal organ or tissue is against some patients' religious beliefs

 

The transplanted animal organ can get rejected by the human recipient’s immune system

 

Possible carry over of viral pathogens from the donor animal into the human recipient

Correct!

 

Some animals will reject the presence of human organs

What is a concern about genetically engineered plants?

 

The newly introduced gene may code for an allergenic protein

 

Beta carotene, which is a precursor for vitamin A, may be produced and cause blindness

 

The engineered plant may have reduced levels of allergens

 

The engineered plant maybe more nutritious than the native plant

 

The engineered plant may require less amounts of fertilizer

Correct!

 

The newly introduced gene may code for an allergenic protein

What does not apply to vaccines?

 

Some vaccines are classified as products of classical biotechnology while some are recombinantly produced

 

Some vaccines contain live bacteria or viruses

 

Inadequately inactivated microbes may cause disease when administered as vaccines

 

Recombinant vaccines can be produced successfully in plants

 

Vaccines have contributed significantly to increasing the incidence of many infectious diseases

Correct!

 

Vaccines have contributed significantly to increasing the incidence of many infectious diseases

What is true of endotoxins?

 

An immunogenic substance found in the outer wall of most Gram positive bacteria

 

Not a main concern if the drug contaminant is a Gram negative bacteria

 

A immunogenic substance produced by fungal pathogens of man

 

A drug contaminant that causes an out-of-control immune response in drugs that are formulated as syrups

 

Not a main concern if the drug contaminant is a Gram positive bacteria

Correct!

 

Not a main concern if the drug contaminant is a Gram positive bacteria

The Genzyme plant in Massachusetts produces biotherapeutic enzyme replacement for people with Gaucher’s disease. The plant was shut down by the FDA at one point causing a drug shortage concern for many patients. What was the reason for the shut down?

 

Glass pieces were found in the drug product

 

FDA found evidence of poor documentation or record keeping

 

FDA found unsanitary manufacturing conditions

 

The cell cultures that churn out the therapeutic protein got contaminated with a virus

 

Vials of the therapeutic protein were found contaminated with a simian virus

Correct!

 

The cell cultures that churn out the therapeutic protein got contaminated with a virus

The first genetically modified microorganism that was granted a patent was:

 

For protecting plants against fungal pathogens

 

For use in cleaning up oil spills

 

For producing a human protein used to control blood sugar levels

 

For producing a animal hormone which increases body mass and milk production

 

For use in cheese production

Correct!

 

For use in cleaning up oil spills