83 patho questions

practice nutrition questions

Teaching a client who has a history of renal calculi. Which instructions should the nurse include?

Drink 3.8 L (4 qt) of water throughout the day

dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth. What instructions should be included in the teaching?

"You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."

Teaching a parent of a preschool-aged child who says, "My child has suddenly become disinterested in certain foods." what should the nurse advice?

"Keep a diary of the foods your child eats each day."

A provider tells a client at 12 weeks gestation who practices Hinduism that she needs more protein and suggests eating more meat. The client tells the nurse eating animal products will cause her to miscarry. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Let’s discuss other foods that are also high in protein that you could substitute for meat."

Caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide finger foods for the client

A nurse is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of protein-calorie malnourishment? (Select all that apply.)

• Dry, brittle hair

• Edema

• Poor wound healing

A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

 "Fats provide energy."

A nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a client who has AIDS. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Use a separate cutting board for poultry

A nurse is calculating the protein needs of a young adult client who weighs 132 lb. The RDA for protein for an adult who has no medical conditions is 0.8 g/kg. How many grams of protein per day should the nurse recommend for this client? (Fill in the blank with the numeric value only.)

132/2.2 = 60 kg

60 kg x 0.8 g = 48 g

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through an NG tube. The specific gravity of the client's urine is 1.035. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide more water with feedings

A nurse is caring for a client who has protein malnutrition. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as a source of complete protein?

Eggs

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a protein deficiency. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Mix powdered skim milk into liquid milk

Add a slice of cheese to hot vegetables

Mix yogurt into fresh fruit

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the nurse provide?

"You don’t have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has COPD about maintaining proper nutrition. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

 "I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods."

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

 "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

• Older adults require increased amounts of calcium and vitamins D, B12, and A.

"A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. Which of the following characteristics places the infant at a higher risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to an adult client?

 Longer intestinal tract

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticulitis and a new prescription for a low-fiber diet. Which of the following food items should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray?

coleslaw

A nurse is caring for a client who has a BMI of 29 and expresses a desire to lose weight. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

• Determine the client's intention to change current eating habits

When using the nursing process, the nurse should first assess the client's readiness to commit to a change in behavior.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency of vitamin D. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet?

Whole milk

A nurse is caring for a client who has a deficiency of vitamin D. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client include in his diet?

Whole milk

A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a new prescription for pravastatin to treat hyperlipidemia. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Pravastatin can be taken with grapefruit juice.

A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?

Ask the client to identify the types of foods she prefers

Dumping Syndrome Prevention

Eliminate simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client's diet to prevent dumping syndrome.

Increased Metabolic Needs

COPD, cancer, Parkinson's disease, and major burns increase the client's metabolic needs.

Dumping Syndrome Plan of Care

Eat a source of protein with each meal to manage dumping syndrome because protein delays gastric emptying.

Celiac Disease Diet

Omit wheat bread from the child's diet due to celiac disease.

Kosher Dietary Laws

Recommend grilled salmon as a food selection for a client who observes Kosher dietary laws.

Pernicious Anemia Medication

Expect the prescription of vitamin B12 for pernicious anemia.

How many Essential Amino Acids must be obtained from dietary intake?

9 amino acids

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) nurse action

Check the client's capillary blood glucose level every 4 hours while receiving TPN.

Lactose-Intolerant Client alternate options

Collard greens are a good source of lactose-free calcium

Metallic Taste in Mouth

Offer mints to overcome the metallic taste experienced during radiation therapy.

Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Volume for peripheral edema

Sodium regulates extracellular fluid volume.

BMI of 21.2 is classified as

a healthy weight.

10 wks of gestation education for nausea should include

eat dry carb foods when you wake up

Recommended daily Calcium intake while breastfeeding

1,000mg

dumping syndrome post op of gastric bypass surgery

supine position after meals

A low-cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction shows an understanding

Chicken breast and corn on the cob

Labs show for a client who has protein-calorie malnutrition

decreased albumin

xerostomia with a lack of saliva affects what nutrient

Starch

an in-service training session about nutrition should include

Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate.

Teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet shows understanding when….

"I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it."

An in-service training session regarding nutrition should include oxygen transportation mineral

Iron

Teaching food choices to a client who has diabetes mellitus indicates understanding by….

"I should replace white bread with whole-grain bread."

foFoodsods recommended for client who has lactose intolerance

Soy cheese

Food recommended for a client who has constipation

Eat yogurt with live cultures

Pediatric nurse recommendation for finger food for child

Slices of ripe banana

foods that are high in fiber.

• Black beans

• Whole-grain bread

Teaching management of dumping syndrome to a client post-op from partial gastrectomy

"Eat protein with each meal."

Client from the Middle East who has celiac disease fist action

Determine the client's dietary preferences

A client who is beginning a vegan diet and is concerned about maintaining adequate protein intake recommend high protein foods

2 tablespoons of peanut butter

Actions to take with client who has dysphagia with eating meals.

Ask the client to think of a food that produces salivation.

teachiTeachingng the parent of a school-age child who has celiac disease shows understanding when they select…

Corn tortilla with black beans

Nutritional teaching to a group of clients, define recommended dietary allowance (RDA)

The RDA is the daily percentage of energy intake values for fat, carbohydrate, and protein.

Functions of the liver and gallbladder teaching as the purpose of bile

Digesting fats

Dietary restrictions for a client who is taking phenelzine to treat depression. Shows an understanding of the teaching when…

Chicken salad

laboratory results of a client who has end-stage renal disease and reports fatigue. The client's hemoglobin level is 8 g/dL. Expected prescription for…

Erythropoietin b/c stimulates the production of RBCs and treats anemia associated with chronic renal failure.

 A client receiving radiation therapy for mouth cancer reports a dry mouth. dietary recommendations …

Use gravies or sauces to soften food

Clients at risk for iron deficiency

• A client who is a vegetarian

• A client who is pregnant

• A toddler who is overweight

A client who has scurvy, which vitamin deficiency causes this disease?

Vitamin C

What foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers?

• Hot dogs

• Grapes

• Bagels

• Marshmallows

Lab reports of a client receiving enteral feedings, what finding indicates complications.

BUN 25 mg/dL ( normal range 10-20) which indicates dehydration

What food recommendations in Dietary-modification to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis

Grilled chicken

 A client has a prescription for a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension, which indicates an understanding….

"I can snack on fresh fruit."

Recovering burn injuries patients should increase protein density meals

• Add chopped hard-boiled eggs to soups and casseroles

Pregnant clients should increase.

iron

clients with chronic pancreatitis should remove

Ice cream to limit fat intake

A client's 24-hour dietary recall:

1. a slice of toasted white bread with butter, a banana, a glass of milk, and a cup of coffee for breakfast;

2. grilled chicken, a baked potato, and a glass of milk for lunch;

3. an apple and cheddar cheese for a snack;

4. 2 servings of chicken, 2 cups of steamed broccoli, and a glass of milk for dinner.

   Deficient in what food group?

grains

A client's nutritional status. The nurse determines the client is consuming 500 calories more per day than his energy level requires. If his dietary habits do not change, how long will it take the client to gain 10 lb?

• 10 weeks b/c 1 lb of body fat is equivalent to 3,500 calories, consuming 500 extra calories each day for 7 days would lead to a total of 3,500 calories and a 1 lb gain per week. At the rate of 1 lb per week, the client would gain 10 lb in 10 weeks.

A client who has AIDS and has developed stomatitis. Interventions in the plan of care…

Avoid salty foods b/c Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth, usually with ulcerations. Foods that are spicy, acidic, or salty should be avoided to prevent further irritation and damage to the oral mucosa.

A young adult client who has a history of calcium oxalate renal calculi instructions include…

"Consume 1,000 mg of dietary calcium daily."

Training session about various dietary practices should include

• Kosher diets have restrictions regarding how the food must be prepared. Kosher diets are guided by a set of laws regarding the processing, preparation, and eating of food.

a client with chronic kidney disease predialysis dietary restrictions

Protein

Nurse training regarding the role of enzymes in digestion. Which of the following enzymes plays a role in the digestion of protein?

Pepsin

 A client who has anorexia and nausea due to cancer treatment what interventions should the nurse include?

Limit drinking liquids with food

Teaching nutritious diets to a group of adult women the nurse should include…

"Include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet."

A client who has gout and urolithiasis on how to prevent future uric acid stones (3)

• Take allopurinol as prescribed

• Exercise several times a week

• Limit intake of foods high in purine

 A client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2 g sodium diet it shows he understands…..

"I can have yogurt as a dessert."

Teaching about nutrients to a client should include….

"Protein builds and repairs body tissue."

A client who has chronic renal failure, what food choices indicate understanding…

Grilled fish

teaching a client bout protein intake. what food should included as an example of an incomplete protein?

lentils

Name Simple sugar as a carbohydrate found in milk.

Lactose

A client who is receiving chemotherapy and has neutropenia. Which foods should be included in the client's plan of care?

Baked Chicken

A client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for calcium supplements. what promotes calcium absorption?

Fortified milk