RLE 2M: Admission, Labor Watch, Enema, & Digital Extraction

Admission

The act or process of accepting someone into a hospital, clinic, or other treatment facility as an inpatient.

Kardex

It is a medical information system used by nursing staff as a way to communicate important information on their patients.

Identification Band

A band bearing the patient's identity. It comes in different colors depending on the patient's type of condition.

Demographic Data

Data usually obtained including the name, age, address, telephone number, e-mail address, religion, ethnicity, type and place of employment, and health insurance information.

Labor Watch

Act of assisting and monitoring the mother during birth.

Para

The total number of pregnancies that a woman has carried past 20 weeks of pregnancy. This number includes both live births and pregnancy losses after 20 weeks, such as stillbirths.

Intrapartal

Occurring or provided during the act of birth.

Increment

An increasing value in the interval of every uterine contraction.

Acrement

A static state in the interval of every uterine contraction, neither increasing or decreasing.

Decrement

A gradual decrease in the interval of every uterine contraction.

Duration

The length of time within a single uterine contraction.

Frequency

The rate at which every uterine contraction occurs.

Interval

An intervening time or space between every uterine contraction.

Friedman's Curve

The gold standard for rates of cervical dilation and fetal descent during active labor. It facilitates the detection of dysfunctional labor.

Fetal Station

A measurement of how far the baby has descended in the pelvis, measured by the relationship of the fetal head to the ischial spines.

Effacement

The process by which the cervix prepares for delivery. After the baby has engaged in the pelvis, it gradually drops closer to the cervix. The cervix will gradually soften, shorten and become thinner.

Bishop's Scale

A pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required. It is a system used by medical professionals to evaluate the preparedness of the cervix for labor.

Episiotomy

A surgical cut made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth, to aid a difficult delivery and prevent rupture of tissues.

Episiorrhaphy

The surgical repair of injury to the vulva by suturing.

TRUE Uterine Contractions

Irregular, but eventually become regular and predictable. Initially felt in the lower back and then is felt around to the abdomen. These contractions continue regardless of what the woman is doing. Contractions increase in duration, frequency, and intensity. Moreover, cervical dilatation is achieved.

FALSE Uterine Contractions

Contractions begin and stays irregular. Initially felt abdominally and remain in the abdomen and groin. Additionally, the contractions disappear while walking (ambulation) or sleeping. The contractions do not increase in duration, frequency, and intensity. Lastly, cervical dilatation is not achieved.

Cleansing Enema

A water-based solution with a small concentration of stool softener, baking soda, or apple cider vinegar is used to stimulate the movement of the large intestine. It should stimulate the bowels to quickly expel both the solution and any impacted fecal matter.

Latent Phase

Minimal discomfort and controlled breathing is performed by a woman who is psychologically prepared for labor.

Active Phase

Woman begins to feel excited and frightened as she knows that something dramatic is definitely happening.

Transition Phase

Woman may experience intense discomfort accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She may also experience a feeling of loss of control, anxiety, panic, and/or irritability.

Lubricant

An oily or slippery substance. It may be helpful for women who feel pain during intercourse because of vaginal dryness.

Retention Enema

An enema that may be used to provide nourishment, medication, or anesthetic. It should be made from fluids that will not stimulate peristalsis. A small amount of solution (e.g., 100 to 250 mL) is typically used in adults.

Enema

An instrument used to produce liquid into the large intestine through the rectum. Also called enema bag, a rubber bag or other device for administering an enema.

Peristalsis

A series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

Harris Flush Enema

A type of enema aimed to evacuate painful flatus from a patient who has undergone abdominal surgery. It is intended to alleviate flatus.

Digital Extraction

The use of fingers to aid in the removal of stool from the rectum. This may be done by a person who is experiencing constipation or by a medical professional who is assisting a person with a spinal cord injury or another health problem that results in a problem with defecation.

Carminative Enema

Type of enema that stimulates the peristalsis and bowel movement causing flatus and feces to be released. It is given in low volumes which ensures the patient to easily retain the enema for five to ten minutes.

Anthelmintic Enema

Type of enema specifically used to contribute to destroying parasites in the intestines.

Nutritive Enema

Type of enema referred to as feeding per rectum, rectal alimentation, or also recta feeding. It is used for the purpose of providing nutrition and replenishing fluids in the patient when eating is not possible.

Astringent Enema

Type of enema that specifically relieves inflammation, contracts tissues, and blood vessels, and minimizes mucus discharge.

Large Volume Enema

Type of cleansing enema whose purpose is to clean as much of the colon as possible of feces, as an intervention for constipation as well as "bowel prep" before a diagnostic procedure.

Small Volume Enema

It is used to clean the lower portion of the colon or the sigmoid. This type of cleansing enema is often used for the patient who is constipated but does not need cleansing of the higher colon.