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Minimum age to operate a motor vehicle on a Highway in Ontario

16 years

Type of approach classified as 'I can see you are struggling, I'm here to help you'

Relational

Meaning of 'legal justification' or 'excuse' in court

A sufficient or acceptable excuse or explanation made in court that justifies an otherwise illegal/criminal act

When is a Short Form Summons used in the Part III process?

When the defendant is found by a Provincial Offences Officer to be 'at or near' the place where the offence occurred

Right upon arrest or detention

Informed promptly of the reason for arrest or detention

Details that take precedence in notes when arresting someone

Articulating arrest grounds, arrest details, and charter obligations

Action required of anyone other than a peace officer who arrests a person without warrant as per Section 494(3) C.C.

Deliver the person to a peace officer forthwith

What must be proved in a criminal case after an information is commenced?

Facts in issue

Verbal and non-verbal approaches taken by people in potentially volatile situations

De-escalation Strategies

Purpose of 'Slicing the Pie' in the context of building searches

To methodically clear an area for potential threats

How are dual procedure offences considered for arrest purposes?

As indictable offences

Number of plates required on a motor vehicle in Ontario

2 plates front and rear

Who may lay information before a Justice in the Part III process?

Anyone

What is required for a provincial offences officer to lay a charge under Part I of the Provincial Offences Act?

Belief

Purpose of an Information in the context of POA offences

To commence proceedings under a Part III process

Circumstances under which evidence should be excluded

If the evidence was obtained in a manner that infringed or denied any rights or freedoms guaranteed by the Charter

Definition of 'Motor Vehicle' according to the HTA

Automobile, motorcycle, motor-assisted bicycle, other vehicle not powered by muscular power but not a motorized snow vehicle, power assisted bicycle, farm tractor, self-propelled implement of husbandry, road building machine, streetcar or traction engine

Examples of extrajudicial measures provided by the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)

No further action, warn the young person, administer a caution, refer to a program

Primary purpose of the driver's license system in Ontario

To protect the public and maintain safety on highways

Purpose of the Ontario Public-Police Interactions Training Aid

To provide training and context to understand police officers' decisions during public interactions

When must the 'certificate of offence' be filed with the office of the court?

As soon as is practicable after service, but no later than 7 days

Definition of 'actus reus'

The physical act of committing the crime

True statement regarding officers' notes in investigations

Officers have a duty to prepare accurate, detailed, and comprehensive notes

Definition of 'psychological detention'

A suspension of an individual's liberty by psychological restraint

Charge document used for a more serious Provincial Offences Act (POA) offence

Part III long or short form summons

'MOTOR VEHICLE' as defined by the Highway Traffic Act

A motorcycle

Meaning of 'Roadway' as per the HTA

The part of the highway that is improved, designed or ordinarily used for vehicular traffic, excluding the shoulder

Requirement for an arrest to be considered accomplished

The person must be physically controlled with the intent to detain

Circumstances under which anyone can arrest a person without warrant as per Section 494(1)(a) C.C.

If the person is found committing an indictable offence

Overall mission of ICEN

To improve communication in potentially volatile situations

What should be included when making a late entry in the notebook?

A brief summary of the event and the reason for the late entry

Requirement for a provincial offences officer to commence proceedings under Part III of the Provincial Offences Act

Reasonable and probable grounds to believe an offence has been committed

Action a person can take if their rights or freedoms guaranteed by the Charter have been infringed or denied

Apply to a court of competent jurisdiction to obtain a remedy

Meaning of NRA in the context of Officer Safety

Acceptable Risk Effective Necessary

Maximum number of days a buyer has to notify the Ministry after purchasing a motor vehicle

6 days

Maximum fine that must not be exceeded when serving a certificate of offence on a person before court

$1000 excluding court costs and the victim surcharge

Condition of the driver's license for which police can stop and search a vehicle to check for an ignition interlock device under the Highway Traffic Act

Condition 'I'

Term applied to a criminal offence which may be tried by summary conviction procedure or by indictment at the option of the prosecutor

Dual procedure offence

Specific criteria required for a Short Form Summons to be issued

The offender must be found at or near the place of offence

Conditions for a Class 'G1' (novice) driver regarding alcohol and drugs according to HTA 44.1 and 44.2

Zero Alcohol (BAC) and no Presence of Drugs allowed

Test for 'reasonable grounds' for arrest

There must be such facts as would cause a reasonable person to believe that the suspect has committed or is about to commit an offence

What should an officer be assessing in the 'Assess' portion of 'Assess-Plan-Act'?

Themselves and the situation, continuously