Survey of World History WW1 + WW2, Industrial Revolution, Imperialism Notes

Civilization Mission

The idea that "whites" were bringing progress to the "weaker races"

CCP

Chinese Communist Party

Eastern Bloc

"Buffer zone" of communist gov. b/w the Soviet Union & the rest of Europe.

Marshall Plan

US program made to help Western European Countries to rebuild after WWII.

Tanzimat

Period of reorganization & reform after 1839 in Ottoman E. - Matthew Perry demanded Japan open its borders w/threat. of war.

Tokugawa Shogunate

Military gov. the Tokugawa family. of Japan governed by shoguns from

Operation Barbarassa

Germany's invasion of USSR (The extremely cold winter & Germany's failure in the Battle of Stalingrad made it a very costly loss for German troops + Control.)

Caudillo

Military leader common in Spain.

Perestroika

A restructuring of the Soviet economy, including foreign investment, less gov. regulation + private farming.

Great Leap Forward

Push for land Collectivization thru. "People's commune attempt at rapid development by mobilizing peasant pop.

• Resulted from the Chinese Revolution (1911-1912)

Qing Dynasty. ended within China after the emperor abdicated.

Scientific Racism

Idea that whites were better than other 'Childish' races, the 'Science' of measuring skulls, and Social Darwinism all played a voll in Scientific Racism,

Africanization of Christianity

In Africa, Christianity was seen as a gateway to opportunity & Social mobility.

New powers during New Imperialism

Germany, Italy, Japan, USA, Belgium.

Cause of the Russian revolution of 1905

Russia lost Russo- Japanese war. Also, the Russian people were brutally repressed & had no legal means to change their situation except for revolution.

Taiping Uprising impact on China

Weakened economy, 20 million Casualties, weakened Central gov., regional authorities gained power, China did not modernize (poverty issue). was still ani

Social Darwinism

The idea that Certain groups/nations become powerful in society because they are innately better.

Fascism/Nazism

Fascism doesn't support anti Semitism while Nazism does.

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What caused Japan to attack Pearl Harbor?

US placed an embargo on oil exports into Japan.

Glasnost

A public sphere was created, and there was an "openness" to new freedoms.

Appeasement

A strategy of negotiating and Compromising w/an enemy in order to avoid war in WWII.

Algeria's relationship w/ France

Algeria was a French colony and had a large pop. of French citizens living there. This made it an important part of the French identity.

Nanking Massacre

Mass Killing & rape of Chinese citizens + Capitulated soldiers by Japanese Imperial Army.

Self-determination

Belief that nationalities should get their own State.

Tripartite Pact

Agreement concluded by Germany, Italy, and Japan. One year after the start of WWII. Largely intended to deter the US from entering the conflict.

Meiji Restoration 1868

Involved the restoration of the Japanese Emperor Meiji to the Japanese throne.

How are WWI + the Russian Revolution of 1917 related?

WWI was a catalyst for the Russian Revolution.

Cuban Missile Crisis

US discovered nuclear weapons in Cuba imported by the USSR which resulted in a 13 day standoff blockade.

Which of the following was an impact of Edward Blyden's ideals? The Creation of the nationalist "Par African" identity which became the basis for better independence movements in the 20th Century.

Which is an impact of the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany needed to pay huge reparations for the war.

Reform Bill of 1832

Gave middle class men the right to vote.

Some impacts of the Industrial Revolution on the British social class?

Aristocracy decreased in power, "Middle class society" grew and middle class men could vote, Shaped urbanization and increased terrible living conditions for the laboring class.

Similarities b/w Italian Fascism and German Nazism?

Both nations' desire for change and loss of faith in democracy led to the rise of nationalism and afterwards fascism/nazism.

Similarities between NATO and Warsaw Pact?

They were both military alliances formed after WWII.

Nuremberg Laws

Set of laws put in place by the Nazi leader-Ship in order to exclude Jews from the national Community in Germany.

Civilizing Mission

Theory that whites were bringing improvement to other races.

Social democracy

Change through democratic means.

Marxist Socialism

Change through upheaval. Social equality achieved.

China's communist uprising VS. SU's Communist uprising?

China focused on rural communities, Soviets focused on factory workers.

Beginning of WWII

Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939.

"Stab-in-the-back" myth

German army didn't lose the war but were betrayed by homefront, Jews and Communists.

"Export Boom" during the Industrial Revolution in Latin America?

European investment (esp. from Great Britain) led to the exporting of many goods such as rubber, tin, and copper from Latin America.

Yugoslavia & Vietnam Similar?

Both had a local Communist movement.

Bolsheviks

Socialist party led by Lenin which took power in Russia..

Karl Marx

Socialist who saw a workers revolution as the only Solution to wealth inequality.

Cause of Communism in China

It was the result of war and domestic Upheaval.

Cuban Missile Crisis

US discovered nuclear weapons in Cuba imported by USSR which resulted in a 13 day Stand off blockade.

November 1989 in Eastern Europe

Berlin Wall was breached + mass exodus began.