Exam 3

Be able to recognize the preclassical prophets listed in class.

Moses, Balaam, Deborah, Samuel, Nathan, Elijah, and Elisha.

Know the basic role and message of the prophet as listed in the first 4 bullet points under the "story line of the Prophets/Classical Prophets."

• Offered advice and/or proclaimed condemnation of the king

• Social commentators of their day

• First to declare coming invasion and destruction

• Eventual return of a remnant and messiah.

Types of Oracles used by the classic writing prophets:

• Indictment

• Judgment

• Instruction: repentance, social justice

• Aftermath

Subcategory of classical prophecy that includes visions of angelic interpreters and symbols, significant numbers, and mythological images?

Apocalyptic literature

What prophet has the most extensive development of the perspective "Yahweh Delivers?"

Isaiah

What prophet is the prime example of the theological perspective from his Temple Sermon "The temple will not shelter?"

Jeremiah (and Ezekiel)

What prophet exemplified the theological perspective of God's love for his people by marrying a prostitute?

Hosea

What is the difference between a Major Prophet and a Minor Prophet?

The only difference is the length of the books: major prophets are larger books, minor prophets are smaller books.

What Major Prophet appears to be addressing 4 different audiences?

Isaiah

What Major Prophet is also called the "weeping prophet?"

Jeremiah

What Major Prophet has stories about how he and his friends trusted God, and also has Apocalyptic visions?

Daniel

What Minor Prophet was commanded to go to Nineveh who was angry and the end of his book because a worm ate his shelter?

Jonah

What Minor Prophet prophesied about a locust plague and said that in the Day of the Lord that God would pour His Spirit on all flesh?

Joel

What Minor Prophet had a post-exilic Apocalyptic vision that included a large flying scroll?

Zechariah

What Minor Prophet's name means "My messenger?"

Malachi

What Minor Prophet prophesied that Jesus would be born in Bethlehem?

Micah

Who is the traditional author of the Pentateuch?

Moses

It is common to refer to Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings as what?

Deuteronomic History

The authorship of many of the Wisdom books is ascribed to who?

Solomon

Books of Wisdom in the Bible

Proverbs, Psalms, Job, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes,

What is the foundation of wisdom?

"The beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord."

In relation to wisdom, what was an important value in the ancient world?

Order

What is theodicy?

How can the world of experience be reconciled with the supposed justice of God?

Why do bad things happen to good people?

What is the most prominent theme in wisdom literature?

Retribution Principle

What ancient Sumerian document explored the dilemma as to "why the righteous suffer?"

"Man and His God" (Summerian 2000)

What Akkadian document is very similar to the book of Job?

Babylonian Theodicy

What word that describes the gods is based on the idea that knowledge of the gods is beyond the ability of human perception because they gave no clear revelation of themselves?

Inscrutable

What word that describes the gods is based on the idea that the gods are not just and that they run an inconsistent system?

Uscrupulous

How is the book of Job different from the above worldviews?

In Job, God reveals Himself and is corrective in light of this worldview.

What comparative literature favored instruction such as advice from the older to the younger?

Egyptian literature

What comparative literature favored proverbial sayings?

Mesopotamian wisdom literature.

How many "books" are there in the book of Psalms?

5

Know the differences and be able to identify the 3 types of parallelism as presented in class.

Synonymous - the second line repeats the thought of the first line (in different words)

Antithetic - the second line gives a contrasting thought to that of the first line

Synthetic - second line completes the thought of the first line.

Know what is meant by "Chiasm."

Derived from the Greek letter "X" (Chi) (a,b,c,b,a); parallel thought stanzas

Know what is meant by "acrostic" poetry in Hebrew.

Succeeding lines or stanzas begin with the succeeding letter in the Hebrew Alphabet.

Know the two types of praise psalms and the differences between the two.

a. By an individual, sometimes called Thanksgiving Praise

i. Declarative

b. Corporate in nature, sometimes called Hymns

i. Descriptive

What are the characteristics of "lament" psalms?

Characterized by complaint, questions, petitions, and imprecations (curses).

In relation to the theology of the "retribution principle," what is the beginning premise?

Begins with the premise that God is just.

Why did ancient Israel look for justice in this life and world?

Because Israel had no revelation of final judgment.

In what miracle story does Jesus deny the cause and effect connection regarding sin of the person or their family?

Luke 13, healing of the blind man.

In regards to "vindication vs. appeasement," what is the dramatic difference between the Israelites and the ancient world?

The psalmist often wanted to be declared innocent, not to appease God, suggesting he was well-informed about God and what He required

What book of wisdom explores how we should think about God when life goes desperately wrong?

Job

What do the friends of Job stress while he maintains his innocence?

The prevailing retribution principle.

Know the 3 friends of Job who dialogue in 4-27.

Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar.

Know the friend who dialogues in 29-41.

Elihu

What is the actual meaning of the word "Satan?"

"Adversary" or to "oppose."

What is the basic indictment (charge) placed against God by Satan?

Satan puts God on trial for maintaining a "flawed system"

What is the basic indictment placed against God by Job?

Job puts God on trial because it is unjust to allow the righteous to suffer.

Know the 3 claims that are being examined in the "courtroom," in the book of Job.

God is just, Job is righteous, the retribution principle is true.

What responses by Job would "lose the case" for God.

Job would have to "curse God and die."

What is the final "verdict" in Job?

God administers the world in sovereign wisdom and justice results.

Know the general view of the afterlife in Mesopotamia:

No concept of an afterlife.

What does the Epic of Gilgamesh demonstrate in regards to afterlife?

The futility of pursuing immortality, no afterlife

Know the general view of the afterlife in Eygpt:

Belief that the afterlife exists

What would aid the Egyptian in navigating the afterlife?

A personalized "book of the dead."

In regards to the afterlife, where did ancient Israelites believe where they would go after death?

They didn't have a concept of an afterlife. Sheol- the grave/earth.

What term was used to convey the idea that God did not reveal everything at once?

Progressive revelation.

What is a common theme in wisdom literature?

Creation, Lady Wisdom preceded and facilitated Creation

Amorite Migration

2000

Possible dates of the Exodus

1446 or 1250

Time of David

1000

Fall of Israel

722

Fall of Judah

586/7

Release from the Exile by Cyrus

537