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what is consequentialism?
the rightness or wrongness of an action can be found in their consequences
the greatest good for the greatest number
what is deontology?
the rightness and wrongness of an action is found in the action itself regardless of the consequences
what are the contemporary deontological views?
animal rights theory
respect for nature theory
what is virtue ethics?
unconcerned with the rightness or wrongness of individual actions
a middle ground between two extremes
what is the contractarian view?
assumes that ethical obligations result from contracts or arrangements between people
although animals cannot make contracts, they matter to other humans so we have an indirect obligation to them