Level 2 - DHCP configuration

DORA process, static IP, APIPA, etc

Discover

Client to DHCP server

Find all available DHCP servers

Offer

DHCP server to client

Send some IP address options to the client

Request

Client to DHCP server

Client chooses an offer and makes a formal request

Acknowledgment

DHCP server to client

DHCP server sends an acknowledgment to the client

Creating static IP

Better option: Configure an IP reservation on DHCP server by associating a specific MAC address with an IP address
Reservation preferred over manual

Worse option: Disable DHCP on device and configure IP address manually.
Requires additional admin

Ex: Servers and printers usually static IP

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Automatically assign IP when DHCP isnt working
Reserve 169.254.00 - 169.254.255.255

DHCP pool

Grouping of IP addresses, some are excluded

Scope: single contiguous pool of IP addresses

DHCP leases

Allocation - assigned a lease time by DHCP server

Reallocation - reboot your computer to confirm the lease

When lease expires, time to renew

DHCP renewal

T1 timer - check in with linding DHCP server to renew IP address
Usually appears by 50% of lease time

T2 timer - If original DHCP server is down, try rebinding with any DHCP server
Usually appears 87% of lease time