Anatomical Terminology and Body Regions

Flashcards covering introductory anatomical terminology, directional terms, prefixes/suffixes, body planes, partitions, body regions, body cavities, membranes, abdominopelvic regions, quadrants, and organ locations.

Why is anatomical terminology used to describe body parts?

Anatomical terminology gives a standard way to describe where body parts are located and how they relate to each other.

What is the definition of anatomical position?

Standing upright, facing forward, arms at the side, palms facing forward, feet flat, and pointing forward.

What do the word roots "a", "an", and "anemno" mean?

Without.

What does the prefix "dia" mean?

Throughout.

What does the prefix "ecto" mean?

Outside.

What does the prefix "hyper" mean?

Above or excessive.

What does the suffix "ecstomy" mean?

Surgical removal.

What does the suffix "emia" mean?

Blood condition.

What does the anatomical direction "lateral" mean?

Toward the side.

What does the term "ipsilateral" mean?

Same side.

What does the term "contralateral" mean?

Opposite side.

What does the suffix "oma" mean?

Tumor or mass.

What does the directional term "proximal" mean?

Closer to the body.

What does the prefix "hypo" mean?

Below or deficient.

What does the suffix "opsy" mean?

Viewing or examination.

What does the directional term "distal" mean?

Further from the body.

What does the prefix "peri" mean?

Around.

What does the position term "supine" mean?

Lying face up.

What does the directional term "deep" mean?

Further from the surface.

What does the prefix "pro" mean?

Before or forward.

What does the position term "prone" mean?

Lying face down.

What does the directional term "superficial" mean?

Near the surface.

What does the prefix "retro" mean?

Behind or backward.

What does the directional term "anterior" mean?

Toward the front.

What does the directional term "dorsal" mean?

Toward the back.

What does the prefix "sub" mean?

Under or below.

What does the directional term "posterior" mean?

Toward the back.

What does the directional term "ventral" mean?

Toward the front / belly.

What does the prefix "trans" mean?

Across or through.

What does the directional term "superior" mean?

Above or toward the head.

What does the directional term "cranial" mean?

Toward the head.

What does the suffix "algia" mean?

Pain.

What does the directional term "inferior" mean?

Below toward the feet.

What does the directional term "caudal" mean?

Toward the lower end of the feet.

What does the term "sight" mean in the transcript?

Cell.

What does the directional term "medial" mean?

Toward the middle.

What does the directional term "rostral" mean?

Toward the front or head end of the body.

What is the frontal / coronal body plane?

The line dividing the body into front and back.

What is the sagittal / parasagittal body plane?

Vertical line dividing the body into left and right.

What is the midsagittal body plane?

The line dividing the body into equal left and right halves.

What is the transverse body plane?

Horizontal line dividing the body into top and bottom.

What is an oblique line / plane?

The diagonal line dividing the body at an angle.

How is the position of the elbow described in relation to the wrist?

The elbow is proximal to the wrist.

How is the position of the liver described in relation to the skin?

The liver is deep to the skin.

How is the position of the mouth described in relation to the ear?

The mouth is medial to the ear.

What structures are contained in the axial regions of the human body?

The head, the neck, and the trunk.

What structures are contained in the appendicular regions of the human body?

The arms and the legs, including their attachments to the body.

What body part does the cervical region refer to?

The neck.

What body part does the cephalic region refer to?

The head.

What body part does the thoracic region refer to?

The chest.

What body part does the abdominal region refer to?

The abdomen / belly.

What body part does the pelvic region refer to?

The pelvis or hip area.

What does upper extremity refer to?

The arm.

What does lower extremity refer to?

The leg.

What anatomical region refers to the forehead?

Frontal.

What anatomical region refers to the eye?

Orbital.

What anatomical region refers to the cheek?

Buccal.

What anatomical region refers to the nose?

Nasal.

What anatomical region refers to the mouth?

Oral.

What anatomical region refers to the chin?

Mental.

What anatomical region refers to the ear?

Auricular.

What anatomical region refers to the skull?

Cranial.

What anatomical region refers to the face?

Facial.

What anatomical region refers to the back of the head?

Occipital.

What anatomical region refers to the cheekbone?

Cygomatic.

What anatomical region refers to the top or side of the skull?

Parietal.

What thoracic region term refers to the armpit?

Axillary.

What thoracic region term refers to the breast?

Mammary.

What thoracic region term refers to the chest?

Pectoral.

What thoracic region term refers to the breastbone or sternum?

Sternal.

What back region term refers to the lower back?

Lumbar.

What back region term refers to the lower back above the tailbone?

Sacral.

What region refers to the area between the genitals and anus?

Perineal.

What back region term refers to the spine or the backbone?

Vertebral.

What back region term refers to the shoulder blade?

Scapular.

What pelvic region term means hip?

Coxal.

What pelvic region term means groin?

Inguino.

What upper extremity region refers to the shoulder?

Deltoid.

What upper extremity region refers to the upper arm?

Brachial.

What upper extremity region refers to the front of the elbow?

Antecubital.

What upper extremity region refers to the forearm?

Antibrachial.

What upper extremity region refers to the wrist?

Carpal.

What upper extremity region refers to the palm?

Palmar.

What upper extremity region refers to the fingers?

Digital.

What upper extremity region refers to the hand?

Manus.

What upper extremity region refers to the back of the elbow?

Olecranial.

What lower extremity region refers to the thigh?

Femoral.

What lower extremity region refers to the kneecap or front of the knee?

Patellar.

What lower extremity region refers to the back of the knee?

Popliteal.

What lower extremity region refers to the lower leg or the shin?

Cruel.

What lower extremity region refers to the ankle?

Tarsal.

What lower extremity region refers to the foot?

Pes.

What lower extremity region refers to the calf?

Surrel.

What lower extremity region refers to the heel?

Calconeal.

What region refers to the bottom of the foot?

Plantar surface.

What region refers to the buttocks?

Gluteal.

If a patient is complaining of lower back pain, what region is involved?

The lumbar region.

If a patient breaks their arm at the elbow, which regions are involved?

The antecubital and olecranial regions.

What is a body cavity?

An open space in the body that contains and protects organs.

What subdivisions exist for the posterior aspect of body cavities, and what do they contain?

The cranial cavity (brain) and the vertebral spinal cavity (spinal cord).