Basic Chemistry and Atomic Structure

Flashcards reviewing key concepts in atomic structure, molecular mass, electrical charges of subatomic particles, chemical bonds, and ionic compound formation.

Oxygen (O) Atom

An atom that contains $8$ protons, $8$ neutrons, and $2$ unfilled electron orbitals.

Molecular Mass

The mass of an element calculated by combining its protons and neutrons, resulting in a value of $16$ for an element with $8$ protons and $8$ neutrons.

Atomic Particle Electrical Charges

The electrical charges assigned to particles within an atom: proton is positively charged, neutron is uncharged, and electron is negatively charged.

Covalent Bond

The strongest type of chemical bond between atoms when compared to ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces.

Ionic Bond (NaCl)

The type of bond formed between a sodium ($\text{Na}$) atom and a chlorine ($\text{Cl}$) atom to create a molecule of common table salt ($\text{NaCl}$).