Theme 2 : D) John Finnis' development of Natural Law:

Finnis, like Aristotle, begins by asking what makes a life ...?

worthwhile

According to Finnis, there are how many basic goods or values for humankind ?

Seven

Features of Finnis seven basic goods ?

• all [A] good

• universal to all cultures

• self-[B]

• not [C] on anything else

• objectively and fundamentally [D] .

A= equally
B= evident
C= based
D= true

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods .

1 [A] - including self-preservation, freedom from [A] , bodily health, freedom to [B] , [C] between a man and woman.

A= Life
B= procreate
C= marriage

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods .

2 [A] -to comprehend and make [B] of the world and our [C] in it.

A= Knowledge
B= sense
C= existence

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods .

3 [A] -seeking fun for its own sake.

A= Play

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods

4 [A] experience -an appreciation of beauty, both in the [B] world and in that which we [C] ourselves.

A= Aesthetic
B= natural
C= create

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods

5 [A] - peace and harmony between [B] , altruism. basic

A= Friendship
B= people

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods

6 [A] reasonableness - the working out of how to put a [B] into practice.

A= Practical
B= good

According to Finnis ; Actions are right or worthwhile only if they serve one or more of these seven goods

7 [A] - the freedom to have a harmony between the self and a non-human reality that gives meaning and purpose to [B] .

A= Religion
B= life

The basic goods are basic reasons for what according to Finnis ?

action

Who says we have a duty to obey any law that coincides with pursuing these seven goods for ourselves, or for the rest of the community.

Finnis

Theoretical reason For finnis ;

• Describes what is [A] .

• Relies on some self-evident principles to be able to pursue knowledge, e.g. what constitutes a valid argument.

• Cannot produce contradictory statements - one of the statements will be [B] .

• [C] the way things are.

• [D] leads to understanding.

A= true
B= wrong
C= Assesses
D= Reasoning

Practical reason for finnis ;

• Describes [A] to act.

• Takes the self-evident basic goods and establishes how to put them into practice in [B] .

• Can produce [C] acts. This offers us a choice of which we would like to follow.

• Assesses what to do.

• Reasoning leads to [D] .

A= how
B= reality
C= contradictory
D= actions

Finnis says that emotions play a part in decision-making, but correct practical reasoning should ... ?

not be ruled or distracted by them.

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

1 Have a coherent [A] of life - View life as a [B] , plan commitments properly and don't live purely in the [C].

A= plan
B= whole
C= moment

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

2 No [A] preferences among values - Prioritising of [B] is necessary but must be [C] and never reject a good outright.

A= arbitrary
B= goods
C= rational

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

3 No arbitrary preferences among [A] - Goods should be available to everyone [B] , be impartial (the [C] Rule).

A= persons
B= equally
C= Golden

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

4 Detachment - Don't fixate on a project, avoid fanaticism so that life isn't meaningless when a project ends.

A=
B=
C=

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

5 [A] - Don't abandon commitments [B] , be faithful to a [C] .

A= Commitment
B= lightly
C= project

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

6 Efficiency within [A] - [B] should be effective/fit for purpose/efficient in achieving [C] goods.

A= reason
B= Actions
C= basic

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

7 [A] for every basic value in every [B] - Don't actively damage a basic good. All goods should be [C] in every act.

A= Respect
B= act
C= respected

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

8 The requirements of the [A] good - Foster the [B] for everyone in the [C] .

A= common
B= goods
C= community

According to Finnis ; nine requirements

9 Follow one's [A] - Even though conscience can make [B] , never do something you believe is [C] .

A= conscience
B= errors
C= wrong

Finnis says that You do have freedom in ?

your choice-making

Finnis says , Some actions may go against a basic good, in which case they are ?

wrong

Finnis says , One of the requirements of practical reason is that the basic goods are for ....?

everyone

Finnis says , Humans need to live together and co-operate with each other, for our own well-being and the well- being of ....?

everyone around us.

Finnis claims that there is a difference between ?

morality and law

Finnis says , , Where a law helps people collaborate to achieve the common good of everyone in line with the seven basic goods, then it is a ?

good law.

Finnis says , An unjust law will prevent the basic goods being achieved, but it is ?

still a law.

Finnis says , The advantage of authority is that you don't need?

unanimity