Music Appreciation - Exam 3

Program music

music (generally instrumental) that includes extra-musical references, such as music about an event/image/story, common in romantic period

Absolute music

music (almost always instrumental) that is just for its own intrinsic value, has been considered more intellectual in some periods

Aleatoric music

chance music that is left up to the interpretation of the performers with minimal indications from the composer as to how it should be played or sung

Nationalism

Composer uses folk and patriotic music of his/her own culture

Exoticism

music that shows an interest in or admiration for sounds of a different culture

Which composer was a music educator in Venice for unwanted girls

Antonio Vivaldi

Which country is most famous for producing composers of ballet?

Russia

Which nationalistic composer is associated with Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy?

Giuseppe Verdi

Where is William Grant Still from? What did he write?

Raised in Little Rock

Known as “Dean of Afro-American Composers”

Wrote the Afro-American Symphony, Troubled Island, and Blue Steel

Coda

a “tail” to the piece to create a final, closing effect

Cadenza

A flashy solo that may be improvised in a concerto

Ritornello

A returning partial melody

Concerto Grosso

has a large group and a small group of players (soloists)

Attacca

Two movements that are played without a pause in between

Recital

featuring a single performer or a small group of performers in a small venue to allow aspiring performers and composers to present their work.

Musicology

The study of the history of music

Fugue

to flee, to run away

uses imitative polyphany

Concerto

3 movements, a single soloist and an orchestra

Sonata

usually 3 movements, sounded or played (always instrumental)

Basso Continuo

A continuous line of bass accompanied by a keyboard playing improvised harmonies

Who is connected to the establishment of the string quartet?

Joseph Haydn

How is a sonata different from a concerto?

A concerto is written for an orchestra

A sonata is written for one or two instruments, often a piano/keyboard solosit

What is the instrumentation of a standard string quartet?

Two violins, one viola, one cello

Editions

Adds performance indications (doesn’t change the piece)

Transcriptions

Rewritten for different instrument/key (kept close to original)

Harmonization

Adding harmony to pre-existent melody

Orchestration

Taking harmonization and distributing pitches of cords between various instruments

Orchestral/piano reductions

Taking something written for orchestra and reducing it for the piano

Arrangement

Original tune is still perceivable but rhythm/melodies/harmonies may be altered

Instrumentation of a standard woodwind quintet

flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, french horn

What is Ragtime? What composer is most associated with it?

A blend of syncopated African rhythms with European melody and harmony

Scott Joplin

How did Milhaud incorporate jazz into his work? What was his work named?

Added a saxophone

“La Creation du Monde”

Calliope

A keyboard instrument with notes produced by steam whistles

What is not a characteristic of program music?

Exists for the instrinsic value of music

Which was not one of the movements you listened to in Beethoven's 6th Symphony?

Scene at the Brook

The Roman Camerata around the year 1700 was a group of individuals who developed opera. (T/F)

False

Symphonies with four movements often following the pattern

fast/slow/moderate/fast

An instrumental form with a bit of melody that keeps returning is a 

Ritornello

The dance suite originated in the

Baroque Era

Who wrote “In the Hall of the Mountain King”?

Edvard Grieg

Who wrote “Pines of Rome”?

Ottorino Respighi

Who wrote “Danzas de Panamá”?

William Grant Still

A recital generally has

a soloist or a small group

A symphony refers to

An instrumental form AND an instrumental group

Which of the following is NOT true about Ragtime?

It primarily featured stringed instruments

Rock and roll developed

from blues,

from country music,

in the 1950s

Basso continuo in its simplest form during the Baroque era used

A harpischord and a cello or bass

The tune to "Be Thou My Vision" comes from the middle ages. (T/F)

False

Who wrote “Libertango”?

Piazzolla