nurs 113: sensory perception

sensory perception

understanding gained through the use of one of the senses

sensory reception

the process of receiving stimuli or data through sensory organs

sensory reception

can be external or internal

sensory perception

awareness and interpretation of stimuli that takes place in the brain

darkness

as eyes age, ability of iris to accomodate this decreases

brisk

as eyes age, pupil reactions are symmetrical, but less…

peripheral vision

as eyes age, this diminished

far away objects

as eyes age, accommodation to this improves

elasticity, transparency

as eyes age, visual changes due to loss of this, and this diminishes in the lens

purple, pastels

as eyes age, vision of these two colors declines

2-3 years

frequency of eye exam and prn changes when >40 yrs old

1-2 years

frequency of eye exam if family has history of glaucoma

annually

if comorbidities are present, eye exam this often and when >65 yrs old

10 years

audiology exam this often for adults and prn hearing changes

normal

for visual deficit, speak in a warm, pleasant tone at this volme

field of vision

for visual deficit, stay in patient’s…

announce, identify yourself

for visual deficits, do this when you walk into a room

explain what you’re doing

for visual deficits, do this before touching the patient

sounds

for visual deficits, explain environmental…

cataracts

breakdown of proteins in the lens prevents lens from changing shape to focus

cataracts

opacification of eye prevents refraction of light onto retina

cataracts

if vision impaired, surgical replacement of lens

glaucoma

optic neuropathy with gradual loss of peripheral vision associated with increased intraocular pressure

open-angle glaucoma

gradual bilateral loss of peripheral vision; “tunnel vision”

closed-angle glaucoma

sudden, severe eye pain and visual disturbances

open-angle glaucoma

eye drops to control intraocular pressure and prevent blindness

closed-angle glaucoma

surgical procedures

age-related macular degeneration

AMD

age-related macular degeneration

progressive disorder with loss of central vision due to damage to retina

age-related macular degeneration

gradually need more light to read, blurred or blind spot in vision

dry age-related macular degeneration

high-dose antioxidants and zinc used early

wet age-related macular degeneration

laser surgery

presbyopia

changes in close-range vision, >45 yrs old, results from loss of lens elasticity

hyperopia

presbyopia in young persons

myopia

nearsightedness

presbyopia

difficulty reading small print at close range

presbyopia

reading glasses, LASIK surgery

myopia

light/image focused before the retina. due to the shape of cornea, lens, or globe

myopia

blurred vision in far-away objects. can see things/print at close range

myopia

eyeglasses, contact lenses, LASIK surgery

cataracts

can be from excessive exposure to UV light

cataracts

surgery recommended if it causes a secondary condition such as glaucoma or uveitis

cataracts

surgery recommended if it interferes with independent ADLs

cataract surgery

only one eye at a time is performed

cataract surgery

brief, effective, outpatient procedure using local anesthesia

cataract surgery

clouded lens is removed and replaced with a pre-measured artificial lens

cataract surgery

usually pain-free post-op recovery

cataract surgery

usually post-op visit the day after surgery

cataract surgery

will require eye drops several times per day for a few weeks

cataract surgery

might not require corrective lenses post-op

cataract surgery

high percentage of positive outcomes

cataract surgery

light activity is okay; no strenuous activities for a few weeks

cataract surgery

eye shield when sleeping for protection

cataract surgery

protect eyes from bright sunlight

cataract surgery

some clear, crusty drainage is to be expected

cataract surgery

don’t rub the eye; no makeup until okay with MD

cataract surgery

no swimming until okay with MD

glaucoma

“silent thief of vision”

glaucoma

supplements: multivitamin, carotenoids, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids

dry age-related macular degeneration

non-exudative

wet age-related macular degeneration

exudative

ménière’s disease

disorder of the inner ear that causes severe dizziness, ringing in the ears, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness or congestion in the ear

ménière’s disease

head injury, middle ear infection, syphillis, allergies, alcohol abuse, respiratory infection, history of recent viral illness, smoking, certain medications

ménière’s disease

unknown cause

ménière’s disease

no known cure; treatment aimed at providing symptomatic relief