Basic Foods 1 - Basic Terms

Yummy ND

made of glass or plastic and its measurements are marked on the side with a spout for pouring the measured ingredients

Liquid measuring cup

made of metal or plastic cups

Dry measuring cup set

What ingredients are dry measuring cups used to measure?

dry ingredients like flour and sugar

made of metal or plastic spoons

Measuring spoon set

What are the range of measurements for measuring spoons?

1/8 teaspoon to 1 tablespoon

a flat, narrow kitchen utensil, made from rubber, plastic, or metal that comes in several sizes

Spatula

What utensil is good for spreading frosting on cakes?

Metal Spatula

used to measure ingredients in grams/liters/fluid oz

Dietetic scale

used for slicing, mincing, chopping and dicing food items

Kitchen knife

A flat surface that is used to cut foods

Cutting board

Why do cutting boards are color coded/have designated colors?

To prevent cross contamination

What materials are cutting boards usually made out of?

Wood, plastic or bamboo

a wide rectangular utensil used to cut dough into desired shapes/sizes

Dough cutter

heavy-duty strong scissors with one serrated blade

Kitchen Shears

What are kitchen shears used for?

Cutting fish, poultry, meats and vegetables

Some kitchen shears can also be used as a ___ _________

Can Opener

a hand-operated piece of kitchen equipment that has a base over which various adjustable blades are placed

Mandoline

A mandoline can be adjusted to cut thick or thin ______ from firm vegetables and fruits

Slices

used to remove food from boiling water or turn over meat without puncturing the food

Tong

What are the other variations of tongs?

Salad and Canning

What are salad tongs used for?

To serve salad

What are canning tongs used for?

To remove hot canning jars from a canner

used to serve ice cream, yogurt and sherbet

Ice cream scoop

What materials can ice cream scoops be made out of?

Plastic, stainless steel or metal

What are other uses for the ice cream scoop?

To portion meals or measure a cookie dough

a deep-bowled spoon used for serving soups or beverages

Ladle

used for scraping dough/ batter on the sides of the mixing bowl

Rubber scraper

used for serving foods or mixing foods

Solid spoon

a large plastic or metal spoon with holes in it

Slotted spoon

Slotted spoons are used to take food out of a _______

Liquid

a large plastic or metal turner with holes in it

Slotted turner

What does a slotted turner allow foods to do when picked up?

Allow fats and juices to drip through

a kitchen tool that lifts cooked pasta out of boiling water

Spaghetti spoon

Spaghetti spoons are used to?

Serve pasta in a neatly portion

used to mix batter or cooked foods in non-stick pans

Wooden spoon

used for cooking soups or any foods with liquid

Casserole

What shapes can casseroles come in?

Square, oblong or rectangular

Casseroles are made up of what materials?

Glass, ceramic, cast iron, or any other ovenproof material

a plastic or metal bowl that is perforated with many small to medium holes

Colander

What are colanders used for?

Drain cooked food, canned vegetables or fruit and pasta

What is the other name for a colander?

Kitchen Sieve

used to aerate flour, sift lumps out of food like flour or sugar

Sifter

used for frying and sautéing ingredients

Frying pan

a hand-held kitchen tool with sharp grooves for grating and shredding

Grater

What are the most common ingredients a grater is used for?

Vegetables, fruits and cheese

used to hold ingredients you are mixing, beating or whipping

Mixing bowls

used for crushing, grinding or mixing herbs, spices and nuts

Mortar and pestle

used to crush or grind the food

Pestle

sturdy or durable bowl usually made of granite, ceramic, wood or hard stone

Mortar

used to pare the skin from vegetables or fruit

Peeler

a hand-held kitchen tool with two beaters

Egg beater

What is an egg beater used for?

beating eggs, whipping cream, or batters

a deep round cooking pan, made of metal, and with one long handle and a lid

Saucepans

able to cook or prepare foods with steam heat by means of holding the food into an enclosed pan

Steamer

kitchen utensil with holes in it for separating solid matter from liquid

Strainer

a cookware with non-stick coating that allows food to cooked without sticking to the pan

Non stick pan

used to aerate cream, meringue, eggs and stir light sauces and butter in pans

Wire whip/whisk

a long round cylinder used to roll out dough or crush crackers crumbs

Rolling pin

baking tool that looks similar to small paintbrush

Pastry brush

How many inches thick is the usual pastry brush

1 to 1 ½

Pastry brushes are used to?

brush milk, water, egg whites or butter

used to cut decorative shapes from dough that had been rolled out

Cookie cutters

a rectangular baking pan

Loaf pan

What is another name for a loaf pan?

bread pan

What is a loaf pan usually made out of?

aluminum, stainless or glass

a flat, rigid, metal sheet made of aluminum used for baking

Baking/Cookie sheets

a special metal baking pan or muffin tin with 6 or 12 cup-shaped depressions

Muffin pans

a pan shaped like a plate with sides that is used to bake pies, quiches or frittatas

Pie pan

a pan shaped liked a square to bake cakes or brownies to evenly shapes

Square pan

a rack made from closely spaced wires or spokes and small legs to elevate the rack above the countertop

Cooling Rack

Scalding is used to?

improve the function of milk in recipes

Scalding water reaches a temperature of ___ degrees F

150

What develops on the bottom of a pan during the scalding process?

Still bubbles

What happens during simmering?

the water simmers at just below the boiling point

What is the usually temperature for simmering liquids?

never less than 180 degrees F

When is simmering used?

Cooking soups and stews

food is simmered in a small amount of liquid in a covered casserole or pot

Braising

What cooking method is braising similar to?

Stewing

boiling to partially cook the food

Paraboiling

food heated by direct contact with the steam generated by boiling water

Steaming

cook by simmering in a small amount of liquid

Poaching

What temperature is the water used in poaching?

160-180F or 71-82C

simmering ingredients in a small to moderate amount of liquid which often becomes a sauce as the food cooks

Stewing

cooking of food in water that has reached to or near the boiling point

Boiling

What temperature must water be during boiling?

212F or 100C

to dip a food briefly into boiling water

Blanching

heating of food by hot air in an oven

Baking

foods are cooked under an intense heat source

Broiling

heating foods in fat

Frying

food is stirred and turned out very quickly

Stir frying

food is completely covered with fat

Deep frying

cooking with an open fire

Roasting

Roasting is similar to baking but for _____ __ _____?

meat or poultry

food is cooked above rather than below with an intense heat source

Grilling

What cooking technique is the reverse to grilling?

Broiling

done in a frying pan, saute pan or griddle

Sauteing

refers to placing food, usually meat in a very hot frying pan with no added fat and pouring off fat as it accumulates

Pan-broiling

What items should be purchased last?

Frozen/refrigerated

Never choose meat/poultry in packaging that is _______

damaged

What is the correct temperature for a chiller?

40 F or 4 C