bio exam

which functions of life are performed by contractile vacuole

homeostasis

which cell organelle is involved at Y (polypeptides + vesicles)

golgi apparatus

what is a piece of evidence that all living organisms share a common ancestor?

DNA triplets code for the same amino acids

Permeability to CO2 chart - which membrane component could this molecule be?

Cholesterol

cells dividing by mitosis in an onion - what change would take place in cell Y if mitosis was allowed to continue?

splitting of centromeres

which protein deficiency would be most likely to cause poor vision in humans?

Rhodopsin

The antibiotic rifampicin is widely used to treat bacterial infections. It kills bacterial cells by interfering with transcription during protein synthesis. Which process would be directed prevented by rifampicin?

Synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Test tube exported to light for 30 minutes - what explain the presence of bubbles?

Oxygen is released when light splits water molecules in chloroplasts

Structure of arginine and glutamic acid - find the dipeptide

H2N on the top, and COOH on the top

Chemical reaction catalyzed by enzymes graph - valid statement about a labeled point on the graph

At R, some active sites have changed shape

Which codon would be found in RNA but not in DNA

UCA

Venn diagram three types of cell respiration. I = water, II = ethanol, III = lactate, ATP AND CO2 in the middle. Which part contains products of respiration in skeletal muscle cells during exercise?

I and III only

Karyogram - what explains the chromosome abnormality (edward’s syndrome) in the child?

Homologous chromosomes fail to separate completely during meiosis 1

Blue chickens. 11 with black feathers and 8 with white. Which explanation is correct for the inherited of feather color in this breed of chickens?

The alleles for white and black feathers are co-dominant.

What is DNA ligase used for in the production of genetically modified bacteria?

To form bonds between a DNA fragment and a solid

Proteins with the same charges were separated using gel electrophoresis. What can be deduced about the proteins that have moved the longest distance?

They are the smallest in size.

What is a common feature of saprotrophs and dentrivores

They feed on the remains of plants and animals

A simple sealed terrestrial mesocosm was set up to demonstrate that natural ecosystems can be sustainable over long periods of time

Wastes are constantly recycled

Methane is one atmospheric gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect and global warming. What are the reasons for this?

I. It absorbs long wave radiation

II. It is converted to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

III. It allows more heat to leave the Earth’s atmosphere

I and II only

What had caused this breed (jersey cows) to produce higher milk yields than other cattle breeds?

Selective breeding

Living organisms belong to one of three domains: Archea, Eubacteria, or Eukaryotes What could be present in cells of all three domains.

Cell walls

The cardigan shows the evolutionary relationships between humans and four other vertebrae species based on the comparison of the protein myoglobin. Which feature of the myoglobin molecules might have been compared to produce the cladogram

Differences in amino acid composition

A simple dichotomous key was designed to classify some invertebrate animals with bilateral symmetry into one of the following phyla: arthropoda platehelmintha, annelida, and mollusca. Which letter corresponds to the phylum annelida.

C

What will always cause an increase in heart rate?

Secretion of epinephrine (adrenaline)

The graph shows the amount of substance found in gold and the changes that occur after ingestion, as it moves along the human alimentary canal. Which substance could this be?

Glucose

Some lung conditions cause the destruction of cells that are essential for normal alveolar function. What would be a consequence of the destruction of cell Q?

Adhesion of alveolar walls

Which statement explains a likely symptom nine years after the initial infection?

The patient has difficulty recovering from infectious diseases due to a lack of antibodies

Chemical transmission of nerve impulses is most likely to occur between neurons

End to start

Using the information provided, what can be deduced about the effect of metfofmin?

It decreases the breakdown of glycogen in liver cells

In preparation for IVF, women are treated with drugs followed by artificial doses of hormones. What is the purpose of each step?

Prevent FSH secretion + induce multiple ovulation