Feminism Flashcards

Flashcards about Feminism

liberal feminism

gender is a social construct, gender stereotypes, gender mainstreaming, social and cultural change, legislative reform, legal rights, employment rights, reproductive rights, feminism and heterosexuality

liberal feminists

oakley and somerville

gender is a social construct

there are norms, behaviours and roles associated with different genders.

gender stereotypes

oversimplified and often biased beliefs about the characteristics of men and women.

gender equality

access to rights and opportunities are unaffected by gender/equal rights and opportunities for all genders.

gender mainstreaming

an approach to policy making that takes into account both women and men’s interests and concerns

oakley

social and cultural change, legislative reform

social and cultural change - oakley

believes that traditional prejudices and stereotypes are a barrier to equality. in order to achieve equality there MUST be social changes in these cultures

legislative reform - oakley

laws and policies against gender discrimination will greatly help to achieve gender equality and provide equal opportunities to women

legal rights examples

2020 no fault divorce act - couples can now legally separate without having to assign blame to either party for the breakdown of their relationship.

domestic abuse act 2021 - now includes non-fatal strangulation as a crime

reproductive rights examples

abortion act 1967 - stated that abortion was lawful if a pregnancy being continued poses a higher risk of physical/mental injury than a terminated pregnancy

employment rights examples

equal pay act 1970 - all sexes are now required to be paid equally for the equal amount of work they need to do

sex discrimination act 1975 - makes discrimination against women illegal unless it’s special treatment in favour of women based on numbers in a workforce, pregnancy or when sex is a genuine qualification for a job i.e. actors/actresses

feminism and heterosexuality - somerville

somerville argues that feminists need to work with heterosexuality rather than oppose as it is a reality that cannot be completely removed

radical feminism

emphasizes that the personal is political and focuses on sexual politics, alongside sexual objectification and the male gaze

radical feminists

firestone and greer

political lesbianism

greer argues that as there’s always going to be gender conflicts, women should remove men from their lives completely (separatism) and cohabit with women only / have women take over the ‘male role’ in order to make a political statement.

patriarchy is the result of the female reproductive role - firestone

firestone argues that to reduce the patriarchal affect on women, women must abandon their role of reproduction and not have kids, as well as abandon their role of being the care-taker for children

women as wives, mothers, and daughters - greer

women as daughters are sexually objectified, when they’re wives they’re expected to reproduce and when they’re mothers they’re underappreciated

separatism - greer

the idea that men and women should completely separate from each other. e.g. having matrilocal households instead of the traditional nuclear family

brownmiller concepts

patriarchal control and fear of rape

patriarchal control and fear of rape - brownmiller

women cannot go against the patriarchy as the fear of rape is always present. men use rape as a tool to control and intimidate women

marxist feminism

focuses on capitalism, labor, reproduction of labor, unpaid domestic labor, and women as a reserve army of labor.

marxist feminists

ansley and bartlett

reproduction of labour

women’s role of reproduction is what produces the next generation of the workforce

unpaid domestic labour

women do so much for capitalism, the raise the new workforce and comfort the current workers (their husbands) yet they are provided no compensation

women as a reserve army of labour

in times of need, e.g. war, women are used to fill in the gaps of the workforce. during the war men had to fight and women took over their jobs in the factories

absorption of anger - ansley

‘women are the takers of shit’ men take their anger caused by capitalism out onto their wives

ideology of familism - barrett

family is an ideological tool as it gives the impression that it’s desirable and lovely, while in reality it exploits women with unpaid domestic labour

difference feminism

critiques false female universality and addresses the feminist problem of essentialism.

difference feminism’s intersectionality theory

there are many factors affecting the circumstances of women, other feminist arguments such as liberal, radical and marxist assume all women have the same needs, experiences etc. when this isn’t true. in a sense these feminist views are assigning new gender stereotypes when attempting to remove the old ones

poststructuralist feminism

argues that male power is the problem and that the power isn’t through structural control, rather it’s from knowledge.

butler concepts

explores patriarchy, knowledge, and public discourse.

public discourse - butler

everything we learn, do, have, is from the point of men. e.g. car seats and airbags are designed for male models, so women are more likely to die in accidents than men