Humbeorg Chapter 4 (PPT)

Attitudes

a person’s complexes of beliefs and feelings about specific ideas, situations, or other people

Cognition

the knowledge a person presumes to have about something

a person’s feelings toward something

Affect

Intention

component of an attitude that guides a person’s behavior

Attitude Formation

formed around a sequence of cognition, affect, and behavioral intention

Cognition

We come to know something that we believe to be true

affect

This knowledge triggers a feeling

Cognitive dissonance

an incompatibility or conflict between behavior and an attitude or between two different attitudes

Job Satisfaction

is one of the most important job-related attitudes in organizations.

Organizational Commitment

reflects the degree to which an employee identifies with the organization and its goals and wants to stay with the organization

Affective commitment

positive emotional attachment to the organization and strong identification with its values and its goals; employees want to stay with the organization

Normative Commitment

a feeling of moral or ethical obligation to the organization; employees stay because they believe it would be wrong to leave

Continuance Commitment

staying with the organization because of perceived high economic and/or social costs; employees stay because they feel they have to

Employee engagement

heightened emotional and intellectual connection that an employee has for their job, organization, manager, or coworkers that, in turn, influences them to apply additional discretionary effort to their work

Value

way of behaving or end-state desirable to a person or group

Terminal Values

reflect long-term life goals such as prosperity, happiness, a secure family, and a sense of accomplishment

Instrumental Values

preferred means of achieving terminal values or preferred ways of behaving

Intrinsic Work Values

relate to the work itself

Extrinsic work values

relate to the outcomes of doing work

Intrapersonal value conflict

occurs when an individual experiences conflict between an instrumental value and a terminal value

Interpersonal value conflict

occurs when two different people hold conflicting values

Individual-organization value conflict

when an employee’s values conflict with those of the organization

Emotion

intense, short-term physiological, behavioral, and psychological reaction to a specific object, person, or event that prepares us to respond to it

Mood

short-term emotional state that is not directed toward anything in particular

Affectivity

the tendency to experience a particular mood or to react to things with certain emotions

Positive Affect

reflects a combination of high energy and positive evaluation characterized by emotions like elation

Negative affect

consists of feelings of being upset, fearful, and distressed

Perception

the set of processes by which an individual becomes aware of and interprets information about the environment

Selective perception

the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs

Stereotyping

the process of categorizing or labeling people on the basis of a single attribute

Attribution

the way we explain the causes of our own as well as other people’s behaviors and achievements, and understand why people do what they do