PEH FINALS REVIEWER

Sports Management

is the field of business that focuses directly on sports and recreation.

Sports Management

involves any combination of skills that correspond with planning, organizing, directing, controlling, budgeting, leading, or evaluating of any organization or business within the sports field.

• Referee

• Committee

Tournament Officials:

Tournament officials

oversee officiating the event. They have in-depth knowledge about the sport

• enforcing the rules and regulation of the game;

• ensures that the game is played safely and in order;

• inspecting the safety of the field or facility;

• managing time; and

• communicating properly to the coaches.

The responsibilities of tournament officials include:

Outside Officiating

Requires external officials usually hired or volunteers assigned by the organizers to implement the rules and code of conduct of the game or tournament

Outside Officiating

They are not related to any team so they can provide impartial decisions.

Self Officiating

- Happens when there are no “outside” officials.

Self Officiating

Players officiate the games or run the tournament. This is usually done during pickup games with friends and may not be effective compared to outside officiating.

Single Elimination Tournament

The single elimination format is a common competition structure where participants are eliminated after a single loss, with the winner advancing to the next round. This process continues until a final winner is determined. Below are the advantages and disadvantages of this format:

• Simplicity

• Time-efficient

• Low cost

Advantages of Single Elimination Tournament:

• No room for recovery

• Unpredictable outcome

• Single Loss Eliminates

Disadvantages of Single Elimination Tournament:

N= n-1

N = no. of games n = no. of teams

Formula of Single Elimination Tournament:

Double Elimination Tournament

is a competition structure where participants are given a second chance after a loss. After their first loss, competitors drop into a "loser's bracket," but they can still progress to the final if they keep winning. The key concept is that a player or team must lose twice to be eliminated from the competition.

• Second Chance for Competitors

• Excitement in the Loser’s Bracket

• Higher Quality Matches

Advantages of Double Elimination Tournament

• Increased Duration

• Risk of Fatigue

• Complexity

Disadvantages of Double Elimination Tournament

N=(n-1) 2

N = no. of games n = no. of teams

Formula of Double Elimination Tournament

Round Robin Tournament

The round robin format is a competition structure in which each participant or team competes against every other participant or team at least once. This format is often used in tournaments with fewer participants, where it's possible to play all the matches within a reasonable time frame.

• Fairness

• More Opportunities to Compete

• Clear Ranking

Advantages of Round Robin Tournament

• Time-Consuming

• Higher Costs

• Diminishing Interest in Lower-Ranked Matches

Disadvantages of Round Robin Tournament

N=n(n-1)/2

N = no. of games n = no. of teams

Formula of Round Robin Tournament

Badminton

is a fast-paced sport played with a shuttlecock and rackets. It can be played indoors or outdoors, but it’s typically played indoors to avoid wind interference. The game is played either in singles (one player on each side) or doubles (two players on each side).

Badminton

The objective is to hit the shuttlecock over the net and into the opponent’s court in such a way that they cannot return it. Points are scored when the shuttlecock lands in the opponent's court or if the opponent fails to return it properly.

Racket

are lightweight with a long handle and a wide, oval-shaped frame. The strings are tightly woven to allow for precise control of the shuttlecock. The rackets vary in weight, balance, and flexibility to suit different playing styles

Shuttlecock

This is the object that is hit back and forth between the players. It can be made from feathers (traditional) or synthetic materials. Feather shuttlecocks are commonly used in professional play, while synthetic ones are more durable for casual play.

Net

The net divides the court into two halves. It is set at a height of 1.55 meters (5 feet 1 inch) at the center and slightly lower at the sides. The net must be stretched tight to avoid sagging.

• Toss

• Service Area

Starting the Game

Toss

The game begins with a coin toss or a racket spin to decide who serves first.

Service Area

The server must serve from the right side of the court (the "right service box") when the score is even, and from the left side (the "left service box") when the score is odd.

• Service

• Faults on Service

Serving Rules

Service

The server must serve underhand, with the shuttlecock hitting the ground in the diagonal service box of the opponent. The server must make sure the shuttlecock is served below their waist.

Faults on Service

The serve is a fault if the shuttlecock lands outside the service box, is hit incorrectly (overhand or above the waist), or the server’s feet are outside the service box or touching the lines.

• Rally Scoring

• Game Duration

• Matches

Scoring System

Rally Scoring

In modern badminton, the rally scoring system is used, meaning that points can be won by either the server or the receiver

Game Duration

: Games are typically played to 21 points, and players must win by at least a 2-point margin. If the score reaches 20-20, the first player/team to lead by 2 points wins the game.

Matches

are typically played best of three games.

• A point is won when:

• The shuttlecock lands in the opponent’s side of the court.

• The opponent fails to return the shuttlecock before it hits the ground.

• The opponent hits the shuttlecock out of bounds or into the net.

• The opponent touches the net with their racket or body.

Winning a Point

• Forehand Grip

• Backhand Grip

• Serve Grip

Grips

Forehand Grip

This is the most common grip, where you hold the racket as if shaking hands with it. It’s used for most shots, including clears, smashes, and drives

Backhand Grip

Hold the racket with the thumb placed on the back of the handle, allowing you to hit shots on the backhand side of your body.

Serve Grip

the grip is slightly different, with a more relaxed, underhand hold to ensure a smooth, controlled serve.

• Low serve

• High serve

• Flick serve

Serves

A good serve

is key to starting each rally

Clears

is a shot that sends the shuttlecock high and deep into the opponent’s court, usually aiming for the back corners. It’s used to push your opponent to the back of the court and gain time to reposition.

forehand clear

(when the shuttle is on your dominant side)

backhand clear

(when the shuttle is on your non-dominant side).

Drives

is a fast, flat shot that travels horizontally across the net. It’s used to maintain a fast-paced rally and keep your opponent on the defensive.

Drives

This shot is typically played with a forehand grip and requires good racket control and timing.

Smashes

is a powerful, downward shot aimed to finish the rally. It’s typically performed when the shuttlecock is high and in the air.

Smash

you need speed, power, and precision. The shot should come at an angle and be as fast as possible, making it difficult for your opponent to return.

Drop Shots

is a soft shot that barely clears the net and lands just over it, making it difficult for the opponent to reach in time. It’s often used to surprise your opponent and change the pace of the game.

Drop shots

can be executed from both the forehand and backhand sides.

• Improves muscle strength

• Improves heart functioning

• It helps to reduce stress

• Improves flexibility

• Increases your reflex action

Fitness And Health Benefits: