Microbio Final Prep - Exam 6

Rho-GAM is a medication used to prevent Rh sensitization in ____ mothers who are pregnant with an ____ baby.

1. RhD- ; RhD+

2. RhD+; RhD+

3. RhD-; RhD+

4. RhD+; RhD-

RhD-; RhD+

Tears contain _____, a chemical that hydrolyzes ____ in Gram positive bacteria.

1. lead, flagella

2. acetic acid, capsules

3. chlorine, lipid

4. lysozyme, peptidoglycan

5. hydrochloric acid, ribosomes

lysozyme, peptidoglycan

Helper T cells are also know as ____.

1. CD8 T cells

2. CD4 T cells

3. CD48 T cells

4. CD84 T cells

CD4 T cells

The following are all secondary lymphoid organs except the ____.

1. thymus

2. lymph nodes

3. tonsils

4. spleen

thymus

A term generally used to describe all white blood cells is _____.

1. hematopoietic cells

2. myeloid progenitor

3. leukocytes

4. monocytes

5. lymphocytes

leukocytes

The strategy Ruth B’s immune system uses to attack intracellular pathogens living insider her cells is to ____.

1. use antibodies to neutralize the pathogen

2. kill the human cells the pathogen are living in

3. use complement to neutralize the pathogen

4. recruit B cells to phagocytose the pathogen

5. none of the above

kill the human cells the pathogen are living in

Which of the following immune cells produces histamine to defend the body against parasites?

1. Neutrophil

2. B cell

3. Mast cell

4. Megakaryocyte

Mast cell

All epithelial surfaces of your body secrete ____.

1. sebum

2. lactic acid

3. antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)

4. lysozyme

5. complement

antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)

_____ is the most important complement protein in the innate immune response to infection.

1. C1

2. C2

3. C3

4. C4

5. C5

C3

Complement proteins are produced mainly by _____.

1. the kidney

2. the liver

3. the thymus

4. bone marrow

the liver

The ____ system moves immune cells, fluids, and proteins between blood and lymphoid organs.

1. excretory

2. lymphatic

3. integumentary

4. endocrine

5. paracrine

lymphatic

Keratinized cells are an important aspect of nonspecific defense because they ____.

1. are toxic to pathogens

2. create a physical barrier against pathogens

3. destroy pathogens

4. phagocytose pathogens

5. none of the above

create a physical barrier against pathogens

Virus-infected cells produce ____ to recruit and drive the proliferation of NK cells.

1. complement

2. antibodies

3. interferon

4. histamine

interferon

Cytotoxic T cells produce ____ to kill virus-infected cells by inducing apoptosis.

1. cytokine

2. interferon

3. chemokine

4. perforin

5. granzyme

granzyme

Hematopoiesis is the ____.

1. loss of blood due to hemorrhaging

2. production of only red blood cells

3. production of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets

4. clotting of blood to prevent excessive bleeding

production of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets

RhoGAM is a medication containing ____ antibodies.

1. IgK

2. IgR

3. IgE

4. IgA

5. IgG

IgG

HIV selectively infects _____.

1. NK cells

2. Helper T cells

3. Cytotoxic cells

4. Mast cells

Helper T cells

Which of the following is not a function of complement protein C3?

1. Cell lysis

2. Opsonization of pathogen

3. Facilitation of chemotaxis

4. Generation of antigens

Generation of antigens

Which of the following antibodies is most important in the allergy response?

1. IgE

2. IgK

3. IgA

4. IgM

5. IgL

IgE

An antigen is ____.

1. any molecule recognized by the immune system

2. soluble molecules immune cells use to communicate with each other

3. any molecule found only on pathogens

4. any molecule found only on humans

any molecule recognized by the immune system

The immunoglobulin class that plays an important role in the fight against parasites is _____.

1. IgA

2. IgL

3. IgE

4. IgM

IgE

All leukocytes, or white blood cells, originate from a single type of stem cell called the ____.

1. lymphoid progenitor cell

2. megakaryocytes

3. lymphocytes

4. pluripotent hematopoeitc stemm cell

5. mycloid progenitor cell

pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell

Which of the following cells secrets antibody to neutralize pathogen?

1. NK cells

2. B cells

3. T cells

4. Macrophage

5. Mast cells

B cells

The five isotypes of immunoglobulins comprise.

1. IgD, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE

2. IgA, IgD, IgE, IgH, IgM

3. IgA, IgC, IgD, IgE, IgG

4. IgL, IgA, IgAE IgM, IgK

IgD, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE

Which of the following cells of the adaptive immune system will destroy coronavirus infected cells.

1. Natural killer cells

2. B cells

3. T cells

4. Macrophages

T cells

When you get infected with Staphylococcus aureus your CD4 T cells ____.

1. stimulate B cells to die by apoptosis

2. improve the capacity of macrophage to phagocyte Staphylococcus aureus

3. kill any cells in your body infected with Staphylococcus aureus

4. directly kill Staphylococcus aureus

improve the capacity of macrophages to phagocytose Staphylococcus aureus

Cytotoxic T cells produce ____ to create pored in an infected cells; membrane, allowing for the entry of cytotoxic enzymes.

1. cytokine

2. interferon

3. chemokine

4. perforin

5. granzyme

perforin

The most abundant of all white blood cells is the ____.

1. B cell

2. T cell

3. macrophage

4. neutrophil

neutrophil

Which of the following describes the adaptive response to infection?

1. Pathogen destruction and improved pathogen recognition

2. First response to infection

3. Fixed mode of action

4. Pathogen destruction only

Pathogen destruction and improved pathogen recognition

____ are molecules are found on the surface on pathogens.

1. cytokines

2. interferon

3. non-self-antigen

4. self-antigen

non-self-antigens

The immunoglobulin isotype that can cross the placenta is _____.

1. IgA

2. IgD

3. IgE

4. IgG

IgG

Which of the following pathogens will be most challenging for your immune system to detect?

1. A pathogen that displays self-proteins on its cell surface

2. A pathogen that releases its DNA into the cytoplasm of your cells

3. A pathogen that damages your cells

4. A double stranded RNA virus

5. A fungal pathogen

A pathogen that displays self-proteins on its cell surface

Primary lymphoid organs which produce most immune system cells comprise the ____.

1. thymus and bone marrow

2. lymph nodes and spleen

3. mucous membranes and lymph nodes

4. liver and spleen

thymus and bone marrow

The immunoglobulin found in human breast milk is ____.

1. IgA

2. IgD

3. IgK

4. IgM

IgA

During phagocytosis, macrophage engulf pathogens into a ____ which then fuses with ____ to destroy the invading pathogens.

1. pathogen ball; B cell

2. ribosome; mitochondria

3. phagosome; lysosome

4. ribosome; T cell

5. lysosome; granule

phagosome; lysosome

Macrophages use ____ on their cell surface to detect non-self-proteins (e.g., the coronavirus spike protein) expressed on the surface of pathogens.

1. cytokines

2. anti-spike protein

3. pattern recognition receptors

4. endotoxins

5. PAMPs

pattern recognition receptors

_____ are molecules immune cells use to communicate with each other.

1. Antihistamines

2. Antibodies

3. Cytokines

4. Immunomodulators

Cytokines

The largest antibody in the human body is ____.

1. IgA

2. IgD

3. IgK

4. IgM

IgM

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

1. Defense against parasites; basophil

2. Kill virus-infected cells; neutral killer cells

3. Phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms; neutrophil

4. Antibody secretion; T cells

\Antibody secretion; T cells

____ are specialized immune cells that act as sentinels (cellular messengers), bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems.

1. Dendritic cells

2. B cells

3. Mast cells

4. Megakaryocytes

5. Neutrophils

Dendritic cells

Which of the following innate immune cells killer cancer cells?

1. Natural killer cells

2. Macrophage

3. Mast cells

4. Dendritic cells

Natural killer cells

Which of the following immune cells is a phagocyte?

1. B cell

2. CD8 T cell

3. Macrophage

4. Basophil

5. CD4 T cell

Macrophage

The strategy your immune system uses to attack extracellular pathogens is to ____.

1. use antibodies to neutralize the pathogen

2. use macrophage to ingest the pathogen

3. use complement to neutralize the pathogen

4. recruit neutrophils to phagocytose the pathogen

5. all of the above

all of the above

Platelets, the small non-nucleated cell fragments that maintain the integrity of blood vessels, are derived from ____.

1. lymphoid progenitor cells

2. megakaryocytes

3. leukocytes

4. monocytes

5. myeloid progenitor cells

megakaryocytes