human geo unit 3

Acculturation

The process through which individuals or groups adopt the culture or traits of another culture, often due to sustained contact and interaction.

Architecture

The art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures, often reflecting the cultural, social, and environmental contexts.

Artifacts

Material objects created, used, or altered by a society, providing insights into its culture, technology, and history.

Assimilation

The process by which individuals or groups adopt the cultural traits, language, and behaviors of a different, often dominant, culture.

Branch (in religion)

A large and fundamental division within a religion, typically organized by geographical, cultural, or doctrinal differences.

Caste System

A social hierarchy where individuals are born into distinct, rigid social groups with specific roles, privileges, and restrictions based on their caste.

Contagious Diffusion

The spread of a cultural trait or characteristic from one person or place to another through direct contact or proximity.

Creole or Creolized Language

A stable, fully developed natural language that originates from the mixing of two or more languages, often as a means of communication among diverse groups.

Cultural Convergence

The process in which cultures become more similar or share common features due to increased interactions and exchanges.

Cultural Divergence

The process by which cultures become distinct and different from one another due to various factors, including isolation or limited interactions.

Cultural Landscape

The visible and tangible outcomes of human actions, including buildings, roads, agriculture, and other elements that reflect a culture's presence and influence in an area.

Cultural Relativism

The principle that all cultures should be understood and evaluated based on their own beliefs, values, and practices, rather than using the standards of another culture.

Culture

The shared beliefs, values, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group of people, encompassing their way of life and influencing their interactions with the world.

Custom

Traditional practices or behaviors that are widely accepted and followed within a particular cultural group.

Dialect

A form of a language spoken in a specific region or by a particular group, characterized by distinct vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

Diaspora

The dispersion or spread of a particular population or cultural group from their original homeland to various locations around the world.

Diffusion

The process of spreading ideas, cultural traits, or phenomena from one area to another over time.

Ethnic Religion

A religion primarily practiced by a specific cultural or ethnic group and often closely tied to their cultural identity and traditions.

Ethnocentrism

The belief or attitude that one's own cultural group is superior or more important than others, often leading to a biased evaluation of other cultures.

Expansion Diffusion

The spread of cultural traits through a population, often resulting in a growing area of dissemination.

Folk (local) Culture

Traditional and local cultural practices, beliefs, and customs practiced by smaller, homogeneous groups, often in rural or isolated areas.

Gender

Socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, expectations, and societal norms associated with being male or female in a particular culture.

Globalization

The process of integrating and interconnecting economies, cultures, societies, and technologies on a global scale.

Hearth

The place or region where a cultural trait, idea, or innovation originates and spreads from.

Indigenous Language

A language native to a specific region or area, typically spoken by the indigenous or native people of that region.

Indigenous People

The original inhabitants of a specific region or area, often with distinct cultural, social, and historical identities.

Isogloss

A geographic boundary or line marking the area where a particular linguistic feature is used.

Language Extinction (Extinct Language)

The loss of a language and its speakers, resulting in no native or fluent speakers of the language.

Language Branch

A large division within a language family, typically with shared origins and similarities in grammar and vocabulary.

Language Family

A group of related languages that share a common ancestral language and have similarities in grammar, vocabulary, and structure.

Language Group

A smaller division within a language branch, often with even closer linguistic similarities and shared history.

Lingua Franca

A common language used as a means of communication between people who speak different native languages.

Multiculturalism

The coexistence, recognition, and acceptance of diverse cultural groups and their contributions within a society.

Pilgrimage

A journey or trip to a sacred or significant place, often for religious or cultural reasons.

Relocation Diffusion

The spread of cultural traits or beliefs through the physical movement of individuals from one place to another.

Secularism

The principle of separating religion from government, educational institutions, and other aspects of public life.

Sense of Place

The emotional and cultural attachment that individuals or communities have to a specific location or geographic area.

Sequent Occupance

The notion that a series of successive cultures or societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, layering over time.

Stimulus Diffusion

The spread of a specific cultural trait or idea while modifying it to fit the local culture or context.

Syncretism

The blending or merging of different cultural practices, beliefs, or traditions to create a new, often hybrid, cultural form.

Taboo

A social or cultural prohibition or restriction on a specific behavior, object, or practice due to religious, social, or moral considerations.

Toponym

The name of a place or location, often revealing historical, cultural, or physical characteristics of that area.

Universalizing Religion

A religion that seeks to appeal to all people and actively seeks converts, often spreading globally. Examples include Christianity and Islam.

Commodification

The process of transforming goods, services, ideas, or cultural elements that were not previously considered marketable into commodities that can be bought and sold

Placelessness

The loss of unique character and identity in a location, often resulting from globalization and standardization

Post-Modern Architecture

a style that emerged in the late 20th century as a reaction to the austere building with playful, .bright colors, free form, and ornamentation.