Life and Works of Rizal: Lessons 1–4 Reviewer

These vocabulary flashcards provide a comprehensive review of key terms, figures, dates, and concepts from the first four lessons of the life and works of Jose Rizal, following the HIS 007 curriculum.

Republic Act No. 1425

Also known as the Rizal Law, this legislation mandates the study of the life, works, and writings of Dr. Jose Rizal in schools, colleges, and universities.

Senator Claro M. Recto

The author of Senate Bill No. 438, which is popularly known as the Rizal Bill.

June 12, 1956

The date when the Rizal Bill was approved and officially became the Rizal Law.

Frailocracy

A term referring to the strong political, social, and economic influence and power held by the friars during the Spanish colonial period.

Ilustrados

Educated and enlightened Filipinos who were exposed to liberal ideas in Europe and became critical of Spanish colonial rule.

Propaganda Movement

A reform movement formed by Ilustrados that sought to expose Spanish abuses and advocated for peaceful reforms and equality.

Spanish Cortes

The legislative body of Spain in which Filipinos lacked proper representation and a voice in government decisions.

Principalia

The wealthy, educated, and economically influential social class in the Philippines to which Rizal's family belonged.

Enlightenment

A European intellectual movement that emphasized reason, knowledge, critical thinking, individual rights, and freedom.

Suez Canal

A waterway opened in 1869 that shortened travel time between Spain and the Philippines from over two months to approximately $30$ days.

Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda

The full name of the Filipino national hero born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna.

Francisco Mercado

Rizal's father, an educated farmer and inquilino who leased land from the Dominican friars.

Teodora Alonzo

Rizal's mother and first teacher who taught him to read and write and shared the story of the moth and the flame.

Inquilino

A person who leases or rents land from a landowner, such as the Dominican friars.

Concha Rizal

Rizal's younger sister whose death at age four represented his first experience of deep sorrow and loss.

Aya

A nursemaid hired by Rizal's parents who told him stories about mythical creatures like the Aswang, Tikbalang, and Nuno.

Leon Monroy

A private tutor who taught Jose Rizal Spanish and Latin.

Maestro Justiniano Cruz

Rizal's teacher for primary education in Biñan, known for strict discipline and the use of corporal punishment.

Ateneo Municipal

An educational institution established in 1865 and managed by the Jesuits, known for its well-rounded education and discipline.

Manuel Burgos

The individual who helped Rizal gain admission to Ateneo Municipal after he initially experienced difficulties due to late registration.

Father Francisco de Paula Sanchez

A Jesuit teacher at Ateneo who inspired Rizal's academic development and encouraged his love for writing.

Roman and Carthaginian Empires

Competing academic groups within the Jesuit educational system at Ateneo used to motivate students through competition.

Segunda Katigbak

A girl from Lipa who is historically recognized as Jose Rizal's first love or 'puppy love'.

Philosophy and Letters

The first course Rizal enrolled in at the University of Santo Tomas (UST) in April 1877.

Perito Agrimensor

A land surveyor or surveying course that Rizal completed while simultaneously studying Medicine at UST.

Leonor Valenzuela

A woman courted by Rizal to whom he sent love letters written with invisible ink to showcase his creativity.

Leonor Rivera

Rizal's cousin from Camiling and long-term love interest who used the pen name 'Taimis' in her correspondence.

A La Juventud Filipina

An award-winning poem by Rizal, translated as 'To the Filipino Youth,' which highlights the potential of young Filipinos.

El Consejo de los Dioses

An allegorical play written by Rizal, whose English title is 'The Council of the Gods'.