Animal Diveritry, Flatworm, Clam, Earthworm, and Hydrazoan

What domain do Animals belong to?

Eukarya.

To what supergroup do animals belong?

Opisthokonta.

What two characteristics do all animals in Clade Metazoa have?

Multicellular and heterotrophic.

What are the two major groups of Clade Metazoa?

Phylum Porifera and Clade Eumetazoa.

What types of symmetry do true animals (Eumetazoa) exhibit?

Radial symmetry and bilateral symmetry.

List the three germ layers in Eumetazoa.

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

Name the three clades included in Bilateria along with examples of phyla.

Deuterostomia (Echinodermata, Chordata), Lophotrochozoa (Platyhelminthes, Mollusca), Ecdysozoa (Nematoda, Arthropoda).

What type of larva do organisms in Clade Lophotrochozoa possess?

Trochophore larva.

What is the body cavity type with no body cavity called?

Acoelomate.

What is the body cavity type present between the mesoderm and endoderm?

Pseudocoelomate.

What is the body cavity type that is entirely enclosed by mesoderm?

Coelomate.

What phylum do Hydrozoans belong to?

Cnidaria.

What clade of bilateral animals does Hydra belong to?

Lophotrochozoa.

What phylum does Dugesia belong to?

Platyhelminthes.

What clade of true animals are distinguished by well-defined tissue layers?

Eumetazoa.

How many tissue layers do cnidarians possess?

Two: endoderm and ectoderm.

What are the two main body forms of cnidarians?

Medusa and polyp.

What is one characteristic of cnidarians used to capture prey?

Nematocysts.

What clade do flatworms and clams belong to?

Lophotrochozoa.

Are flatworms like Dugesia diploblastic or triploblastic?

Triploblastic.

What is the body cavity type of flatworms?

Acoelomate.

What type of cells do flatworms use for excretion?

Flame cells.

Do Hydra and Dugesia have an incomplete or complete digestive system?

Incomplete.

List the four basic features of the mollusc body plan.

Hard shell, mantle, visceral mass, and muscular foot.

Are clams protostomes or deuterostomes?

Protostomes.

Where is the umbo located?

Dorsally and displaced anteriorly.

What are the two shells of the clam called?

Valves.

What is the function of the mantle in clams?

It secretes calcium to repair the shell.

What are the openings of a clam's heart called?

Ostia.

What is the coelom of molluscs reduced to?

The pericardial chamber.

What is the oldest part of a clam's shell called?

Umbo.

What is the purpose of the labial palps in clams?

They guide and filter food into the clam's mouth.