BIO 161: EXAM 1

What are the 6 major groups of life?

Bacteria, protista, archaea, fungi, plants, animals

Compare and contrast empirical data collection vs mathematical modelling.

EDC: Counting

Mathematical modeling: Predictive

What are the 5 steps of the scientific process?

1. Obsesrvation

2. Question

3. Hypothesis

4. Experimentation

5. Conclusions

What must the p-value be to have a significant difference in measurement?

P < 0.05 (P is less than 0.05).

What is the overlap rule regarding standard error bars?

No overlap = data is different, but it is still not as strong as a p-value.

Overlap = data is not different; inconclusive

What are the r-values that express a strong correlation and zero correlation?

Strong positive correlation: 1

Strong negative correlation: -1

Zero correlation: 0

Compare a scientific theory vs. a scientific law.

Scientific theory: repeatedly tested and has not been falsified

Scientific law: theory that’s been unchanged for a long time

What are the 5 characteristics of living things?

Metabolic process, generative process, responsive process, control process, structural organization

What are the biological units of organization?

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, body system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

What is the Darwinian definition of evolution?

Descent with modification by natural selection.

What are the three aspects of the “adaptive suite”?

Anatomy, physiology, behavior

What is the Weismann barrier?

Gametes do not talk to body cells.

What is sexual dimorphism?

Anatomically significant differences between male and female.

What are the three types of selection?

Sexual, artificial, and natural

What are the four mating systems?

Promiscuity: everyone gets freaky

Polygyny: 1 male + many females

Polyandry: 1 female + many males

Monogamy: one on one

What is temporal isolation?

Form of reproductive isolation when populations reproduce at different times.

What is evolutionary fitness?

Contribution of an individual to the next generations’ gene pool

What is the equation for reproductive success?

how many offspring did u have divided by 2.

What is total fitness?

Direct fitness (offspring) + indirect fitness (relatives)

What is kin selection?

Evolutionary strategy that favors the reproductive success of an individual’s relatives but thereby passing on same portion of that individiual’s genes

How is the rate of evolution measured?

By haldanes.. higher the number, the faster