BIOLOGY

Movement

A change in position by the whole body or part of an organism.

Respiration

A chemical process in cells that turns nutrients into energy, usually using oxygen.

Sensitivity

The ability to sense changes and respond correctly.

Growth

A permanent increase in size due to more or larger cells.

Reproduction

The process of making more of the same kind of organism, either sexually or asexually.

Excretion

Removal of waste from the body, including harmful and excess substances.

Nutrition

Taking in materials for energy, growth, and development.

Binomial nomenclature

A system used to give every living organism a two-part scientific name.

Genus

The first part of the scientific name, indicating a group of closely related species.

Species

The second part of the scientific name, specific to the individual organism.

Producer

An organism that makes its own food using sunlight, such as plants and algae.

Consumer

An organism that gets energy by eating other organisms.

Herbivore

An animal that primarily eats plants.

Carnivore

An animal that primarily eats other animals.

Decomposer

An organism that breaks down dead material.

Trophic Level 1

Producers, like plants or algae that make their own food through photosynthesis.

Trophic Level 2

Primary Consumers, animals that eat plants.

Trophic Level 3

Secondary Consumers, animals that eat primary consumers.

Trophic Level 4

Tertiary Consumers, top carnivores that eat other carnivores.

Over harvesting

The excessive removal of species from the ecosystem, which can lead to endangerment or extinction.

Invasive species

Non-native species that disrupt local ecosystems and biodiversity.

Pyramid of numbers

A graphical representation showing the number of organisms at each trophic level.

Pyramid of biomass

A graphical representation showing the total mass of living material at each trophic level in a food chain.