Dev milestones

0-5 y.o.

Gross motor milestones 0-2 months old

-primitive reflexes and protective reavtions

-physiological flexion

-symmetrical body movements

-develops head and neck control—> turns heat to root

-swipes or bats arms in abduction

Fine motor milestones 0-2 months old

-opens hands briefly, generally keeps fisted

-holds objects briefly—>palmar grasp reflex

social/emotional milestones 0-2 months old

-forms secure attachment

-soothed by calm voice and music

-smiles briefly

cognitive/sensory milestones 0-2 months old

-behavior dominated by reflexes

-learns through sensory input from environment, mouthing objects—-parents encourage learning through responsive interactions

-can see 8-12 inches away

-sees contrasting colors

-looks at hands, parents faces

-alerts to sounds

speech/communication milestones 0-2 months old

-cries to communicate

-early facial expressions showing emotion

ADLs milestones 0-2 months old

-sleeps 14-17 hours a day

-feeding: suck/swallow reflex

-breast fed/bottle fed

gross motor milestones 3-5 months old

-primitive reflexes dissappear

-holds head steady without support when held

-swings arms at toys—> early B/L reach

-pushes up through arms when prone (helps w head control)

-rolls over

-repeated actions —>ex: kicking a mobile to make it move

fine motor milestones 3-5 months old

-brings hands to midline towards bottle or toy, mouth

-holds objects—> may transfer from one hand to the other

-Unilateral reaching towards preferred object

social milestones 3-5 months old

-soothed by familiar voice and touch

-enjoys cuddles

-smiles at people

-reacts to facial expressions

-reaches to touch faces

-moves in anticipation of being picked up

cognitive/sensory milestones 3-5 months old

-distinguishes colors

-distinguishes sound

-recognizes speech of native language, familiar voices

-recognizes breast or bottle

-startles at loud noises

-watches faces—>learns expressions have meaning

-plays by mouthing objects, shaking them

Speech/communication milestones 3-5 months old

-cries for attention when hungry or uncomfortable

-coos, grunts, laughs

-early facial expressions showing emotion

ADLs milestones 3-5 months old

-opens mouth when hungry

-pushes food out of mouth with tongue

gross motor milestones 6-8 months old

-rolls over in both directions

-reaches with trunk rotation

-sits up with support—>may lean on hands

-begins pushing from sitting to quadruped —>8 mo

-rocks forward and backwards in quadruped

fine motor milestones 6-8 months old

-transfers objects from one hand to another

-uses raking grasp to pick up objects

-begins pointing at objects, first w whole hand, later w index finger

social/emo milestones 6-8 months old

-knows familiar people

-smiles at people, self in mirror (doesn’t know its themselves, but still does it)

cognitive/sensory milestones 6-8 months old

-more focused on the world around them

-understands that words from sentences

-recognizes name when called, turns to look

-plays by mouthing objects, banging toys together, manipulating objects

-begins noticing shapes, colors, textures, movements

speech/communication milestones 6-8 months old

-takes turns making sounds with parents

-babbles “ba-ba-ba” “na-na-na”

-blows raspberries

-squeals

ADLs milestones 6-8 months old

-teething—>first tooth around 8 mo

-introduced to cups, sippy cups

-begins solid foods

-spits food out

gross motor milestones 9-11 months old

-sets IND
-begins crawling (stomach on floor (army crawl))

-creeping (stomach off floor (is what we think of crawling))

-beginning to cruise (walks holding onto furniture)

-pulls to stand

-begins standing alone, first steps

-beginnning protective reactions against falling

fine motor milestones 9-11 months old

-grasp refinement and laterailzation of hands

-isolation of index finer for pointing

-picks up small objects with thumb and pointer inger—>pincer grasp

-places objects into containers

-holds 2 small objects in one hand

social/emo milestones 9-11 months old

-clings to parents in new situations, around strangers

-cries when parents leave

-express and recognize emotions

-smile when parents smile

-plays games with caregiver ex: peek-a-boo

cognitive/sensroy milestones 9-11 months old

-understands object permanance; will look for toys, parents, hide under blanket

-will look at pictures in book when asked ex: find the tree

-turns pages of book

-begins to use toys more functionally

-begins to combine objects for relational play

-more sensitive to pain

-mouths objects as exploratory play

speech/communication milestones 9-11 months old

-babbling variety of sounds

-first words between 10-14 mo

-waves in greeting ‘hi/bye’

-calls parents syllabic name, ex: mama, dadda

-understands “no”, simple ‘yes/no’ questions, directions

-begins to imitate others behaviors

-uses sounds and gestures to get caregivers’ attention

ADLs milestones 9-11 months old

-drinks from open cup held by adult

-eats more adult foods

-feeds self small foods with pincer grasp, early utensil use

-aware of soiled diaper

-cooperates with dressing—>lifts legs, pushes arms through shirt

gross motor milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

sit <> stand transitions

walks IND
squats

walks up stairs using environmental support

unsteady running

fine motor milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

stacks blocks

places shapes into shape sorters

turns pages

scribbles

social/emo milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

complex facial expressions

tantrums

recognizes strangers

seeks caregiver for reassurance

seperation anxiety

interest in other kids

cognitive/sensory milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

follows 2-step DIR
imitates sounds and actions

understands speech

recognizes self in mirror

speech/communication milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

jargon and real words

gives answers (using gestures or words)

explolding vocabulary

ADLs milestones 1 yo (12-23 months)

finger feeds and explores utensils

undoes zipper

sleeps through night

desire to be IND in ADLs

indicates likes and dislikes

functional play

pretend play

gross motor milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

jumps

navigates stairs up and down

rides on toys

starts throwing balls in the right direction

fine motor milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

improving CoORD

refined grasps for bimanual manipulation

SNIPS W SCISSORS

imitates lines and circles

social/emotional milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

seperation anxiety

reads non-verbal cues

ASSOCIATIVE PLAY

shows awareness of others being upset

cognitive/sensory milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

sits through whole stories

learning shapes, letters, number concepts

completes puzzles

speech/communication milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

uses 2-4 word phrases

improving articulation

recalls events that happened

ADLs milestones 2 yo (24-35 months)

dresses self in simple clothing

bowel and bladder control

knows routines

helps with household chores

self-feeds w a variety of foods ; utensil use more IND, want to do what adult is doing

gross motor milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

WALKS:

on tiptoes and on heels

backwards

with an adult arm swing

on stairs w/o a rail

runs and climbs well

throws a small ball forward

cathces a large ball w straight arms

fine motor milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

easily moves finger back and forth from nose to moving object

coloring, not necessarily in boundary

THREADS BEADS

uses scissors to cut paper

tears paper

social/emo milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

shows affeciton for playmates

copies adults and playmates

plays make-believe

shows concern/comforts unhappy firiend

shows a variety of emotions

cognitive/sensory milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

sees small shapes clearly

aware of gender

knows difference between fantasy and reality

speech/communication milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

uses 4-5 word sentences

answers simple questions

says their name

asking more questions

ADLs milestones 3 yo (36-47 months)

dons laceless shoes (can pull on shoes)

puts way shoes

pours water/milk/juice from a pitcher

can eat most adult food (w/o risk of choking)

gross motor milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

can play catch (throw and catch ball)

hops on 1 foot

stands on 1 foot for 5 seconds

stairs with alternating feet

jumps off steps w both feet

pumps swing IND
rides tricycle

fine motor milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

DRAWS SIMPLE SHAPES

colors INSIDE THE LINES

writes first name

traces lines with control

social/emo milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

shares and takes turns w other children

develops friendship

plays games with simple rules

understands right from wrong

cognitive/sensory milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

understand simple logic

counts 10 or more objects

understands basic time concept

recognizes LETTERS

FOLLOWS 3-STEP COMMANDS

speech/communication milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

use 5-6 word sentences

fully comprehensible

tells a short story

keeps a conversation goin

ADLs milestones 4 yo (48-59 months)

learns address/phone number

makes simple sandwich

gross motor milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

rides bicycle

walk on balance beam

stands on 1 foot, eyes closed

jumps rope

imitates complex body movement

catches bean bag with one hand

dribbles a ball

uses skate or scooter

fine motor milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

cutes SIMPLE SHAPES

draws basic pictures

writes numbers and letters

completes simple craft projects independently

uses a knife to cut soft foods

social/emo milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

sticks with simple tasks to completion

better frustration/anger control

enjoys competitive games

cognitive/sensory milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

understands cause-and-effect relationships (fading of “magical thinking”

understands simple number concepts

speech/communication milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

correct use regular grammar rules

uses words to invite others to play

speaks of imaginary conditions

ADLs milestones 5 yo (60-71 months)

showers/bathes mostly IND

brushes teeth IND

uses kitchen sink to wash cups and plates