Pavlovian Conditioning_PaulChance_Chapter3

unconditional reflexes

One kind is the largely inborn and usually permanent reflex found in virtually all members of a species and that varies little from individual to individual

conditional reflexes

type of reflex is not present at birth; it must be acquired through experience and is, compared to innate reflexes, relatively impermanent. Because these psychic reflexes depend on experience, they vary considerably from individual to individual.

Unconditional stimuli

events that are important to survival. Evokes an Unconditional response

higher-order conditioning.

The procedure of pairing a neutral stimulus with a well-established CS is called

higher-order conditioning

many of our emotional reactions apear to be acquired at least partly through it.

higher-order conditioning

in this proccedure, a neutral stimulus is paired with a WELL-ESTABLISHED Conditioned Stimulus

test-trials

(probe trials) presenting the CS alone (i.e., without the US) and is sometimes presented at random intervals.

pseudoconditioning

is the tendency of a NS to elicit a CR after a US has elicited a reflex response.

Trace conditioning

Where the CS begins and ends before the US appears. It got its name from the assumption that the CS leaves some sort of neutral trace.