muscle tables (muscles acting on hip and thigh + some muscles acting on knee and leg)

knee and leg muscles : quadriceps femoris, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

iliopsoas origin (iliacus)

Upper 2/3 of iliac fossa

anterior sacro-iliac and iliolumbar ligaments

upper lateral surface of sacrum

iliopsoas origin (psoas major)

Lateral surface of bodies of TXII and LI to LV vertebrae

transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

intervertebral discs between TXII and LI to LV vertebrae

iliopsoas insertion

Lesser trochanter of the femur

iliopsoas innervation

iliacus: Femoral nerve (L2 to L4)

Psoas major : Anterior rami of L1 to L3

iliopsoas main action

Flexion of thigh at hip joint

tensor fasciae latae origin

Lateral aspect of crest of ilium between the anterior superior iliac spine and tubercle of the crest

tensor fasciae latae insertion

Iliotibial tract of fascia lata

tenor fasciae latae innervation

superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

gluteus maximus origin

Fascia covering gluteus medius

external surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line

fascia of erector spinae

dorsal surface of lower sacrum

lateral margin of coccyx

external surface of sacrotuberous ligament

gluteus maximus insertion

Posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lata

gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

gluteus maximus innervation

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

gluteus maximus main action

Powerful extensor of flexed femur at hip joint;

lateral stabilizer of hip joint and knee joint;

laterally rotates and abducts thigh

gluteus medius origin

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

gluteus medius insertion

Elongate facet on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter

gluteus medius innervation

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

gluteus medius main action

Abducts femur at hip joint;

holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking;

medially rotates thigh

Gluteus minimus origin

External surface of ilium between inferior and anterior gluteal lines

Gluteus minimus insertion

Linear facet on the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter

Gluteus minimus innervation

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)

Gluteus minimus main action

Abducts femur at hip joint;

holds pelvis secure over stance leg and prevents pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during walking;

medially rotates thigh

piriformis origin

Anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina

piriformis insertion

Medial side of superior border of greater trochanter of femur

piriformis innervation

Branches from S1, S2

piriformis main action

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

quadratus femoris origin

Lateral aspect of the ischium just anterior to the ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris insertion

Quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crest of the proximal femur

quadratus femoris innervation

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

quadratus femoris main action

Laterally rotates femur at hip joint

obturator internus origin

Anterolateral wall of true pelvis; deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone

obturator internus insertion

Medial side of greater trochanter of femur

obturator internus innervation

Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)

obturator internus main action

Laterally rotates the extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

adductor longus origin

External surface of body of pubis (triangular depression inferior to pubic crest and lateral to pubic symphysis)

adductor longus insertion

Linea aspera on middle one-third of shaft of femur

adductor longus innervation

Obturator nerve (anterior division) (L2, L3, L4)

adductor longus main action

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

adductor magnus origin

Adductor part—ischiopubic ramus

Hamstring part—ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus insertion (adductor portion)

Posterior surface of proximal femur,

linea aspera,

medial supracondylar line

adductor magnus insertion (hamstring portion)

Adductor tubercle and supracondylar line

adductor magnus innervation (adductor portion)

Obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)

adductor magnus innervation (hamstring portion)

Sciatic nerve (tibial division) (L2, L3, L4)

adductor magnus main action

Adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint

gracilis origin

line on the external surfaces of the body of the pubis,

the inferior pubic ramus,

and the ramus of the ischium

gracilis insertion

Medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

gracilis innervation

Obturator nerve (L2, L3)

gracilis main action

Adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint

pectineus origin

Pectineal line (pecten pubis) and adjacent bone of pelvis

pectineus insertion

Oblique line extending from base of lesser trochanter to linea aspera on posterior surface of proximal femur

pectineus innervation

Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

pectineus main action

Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint

quadriceps femoris

muscle group for the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius - all insert onto the quadriceps femoris tendon

rectus femoris origin

Straight head - anterior inferior iliac spine;

reflected head - ilium just superior to the acetabulum

rectus femoris insertion

Quadriceps femoris tendon

rectus femoris innervation

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

rectus femoris main action

Flexes the thigh at the hip joint and extends the leg at the knee joint

vastus lateralis origin

Femur—lateral part of intertrochanteric line, margin of greater trochanter, lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of the linea aspera

vastus lateralis insertion

Quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of patella

vastus lateralis innervation

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus lateralis main action

Extends the leg at the knee joint

vastus medialis origin

Femur—medial part of intertrochanteric line, pectineal line, medial lip of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

vastus medialis insertion

Quadriceps femoris tendon and medial border of patella

vastus medialis innervation

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus medialis main action

Extends the leg at the knee joint

vastus intermedius origin

Femur—upper two-thirds of anterior and lateral surfaces

vastus intermedius insertion

Quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of patella

vastus intermedius innervation

Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

vastus intermedius main action

Extends the leg at the knee joint