nremt obstetrics (pregnancy) with 100% correct answers already graded A+(verified for accuracy)

*what is a hemorrhage

shows little or no external blood evidence, painful or painless, causes of this can be

-placenta previa, abruptio placenta, ectopic pregnancy, uterine rupture, spontaneous abortion

*what is placenta previa

painless bleeding in third trimester, when placenta attaches to uterus over cervical opening, cervix dilates and tare's placenta

*what is abruptio placenta

a painful premature separation of placenta from uterine wall, compromises oxygen and nutrients delivered to fetus

*how is the respiratory system effected during pregnancy

rate is increased slightly, oxygen demand increases a lot, during the third trimester the diaphragm is compressed and enlarges uterus

*how is the cardiovascular system effected during pregnancy

work load is increased and increased the heart rate, blood volume is increased and even greater plasma anemia, possible postural hypotension

*the GI tract and urinary system in pregnancy

the body tends to leave undigested food during pregnancy, nausea and vomiting occur frequently, frequency and injury due to displacement of the bladder, the center of gravity changes

*what is spontaneous abortion

delivery of fetus before it is capable of surviving, typically prior to 20 to 22 weeks in, the vagina will bleed and lower abdominal cramps are occurring, tissue passes in clots

*what is a uterine rupture

the uterus will thin as it grows, abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding occur

*what is an ectopic pregnancy

the egg is implanted outside of the uterus in fallopian tube, the egg will rupture and bleed throughout the process, severe abdominal pain will occur

*how does crowning happen

the first appearance of the babies head out of the birth canal

*when a uterus is reproducing it

receives much more blood supply ad enlarges pushing other organs

*a post-partum hemorrhage needs

a uterine massage and breast feeding

*how do contractions work

the mother has a strong frequent contraction under 2 minutes apart with little breaks, they are measured beginning to beginning and the abdomen becomes rigid

*what is the first stage of labor

there begins to be an onset of contractions the moves into full cervical dilation which is at 10cm, contraction initially start in widespread intervals where they then become closer and more severe, the mucus plug sealing the uterus opens and amniotic sac possibly ruptures

*what is the second stage of labor

moving into this stage, full cervical dilation occurs and the baby is delivered, contractions become closer and intense pressure urges pushing

*what is the third stage of labor

begins with ending of delivery and ends with placenta delivery, typically within 30 minutes and bleeding happens before placenta is delivered

*how does pregnancy history work

due date, gravida (pregnancies), para (live births)

*what is supine hypotension syndrome

occurs when the fetus compresses inferior vena cava and blood pressure drops down

*what is eclampsia

the act of a mother seizing and it occurs during preeclampsia (life threat)

*what is preclampsia

toxemia, the 3rd trimester is where this typically happens, weight gain, visual disturbances, face swelling, and hypertension are all possible

*what is meconium

this is the presence of fetal stool in amniotic sac that is yellow, green, or brown

*what is breech presentation in birth

the buttocks or legs appear first in this form and the head may get stuck so make a v shape with your fingers for this

*what is a prolapsed cord

a cord that presents in the birth canal presents this issue when it cuts off oxygen and the lady should stop moving and bring her knees to chest

*what is limb presentation birth

you should not attempt this birth in the field, a single arm of leg appears in this and the knees should be brought to the chest

*what is tactile stimulation

when you are rubbing a babies back and tapping the soles of their feet to bring them stimulation this is

*heart rate for babies should be

below 60 (chest compression and ventilations 3:1) 60-100 (provide ventilations) above 100 (assess the skin)

*Apgar is

appearance, pulse, grimace (stim), activity, and respirations