Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Dualism
The belief that the mind is separate from the brain; the mind can exist independently of the physical body.
Monism
The belief that the mind is the brain; any change in the brain affects the person's identity.
Placebo Effect
A phenomenon where pre-existing psychological beliefs lead to physical changes, as demonstrated in experiments with patients receiving inactive creams.
Biological Functions of Emotions
Emotions like fear serve survival purposes and prompt immediate action.
Cognitive Functions of Emotions
Emotions such as anger and fear can concentrate our attention on specific stimuli.
Social Functions of Emotions
Emotions like fear alert others in a group about potential dangers.
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
The part of the nervous system responsible for involuntary internal processes.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The branch of the ANS that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
The branch of the ANS that promotes 'rest and digest' functions.
James-Lange Theory of Emotion
The theory stating that emotions result from physiological responses, though it faces criticism for not accounting for simultaneous emotional reactions.
Schachter-Singer Two Factor Theory of Emotion
A theory asserting that emotions arise from the interpretation of physiological states in response to stimuli.
Short-term effects of stress
Prompt immediate actions and problem-solving.
Long-term effects of stress
Lead to health complications and disorders.
Stress-Performance Relationship
The relationship follows a U-shaped curve, with optimal performance at moderate stress levels.
Biopsychosocial View of Stress
A perspective that stress levels are influenced by genetics, psychology, and social environment.
Neurons
Specialized cells that compose the nervous system and transmit information.
Motor Neurons
Neurons that convey information from the brain to the body to initiate movement.
Sensory Neurons
Neurons that transmit sensory input from the body to the brain.
Interneurons
Neurons that connect other neurons, facilitating communication within the nervous system.
Soma (Cell Body)
The part of a neuron containing the nucleus and essential cellular structures.
Dendrites
Extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
Axon
The long fiber of a neuron that transmits signals to other neurons.
Myelin Sheath
An insulating layer around an axon that speeds up signal transmission.
Axon Terminal
The end part of a neuron where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with other neurons.
Action Potential
An all-or-nothing electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron.
Stimulus Intensity and Action Potential
The strength of the stimulus does not affect the size of the action potential but increases its frequency.
Agonists
Substances that increase the action of neurotransmitters.
Antagonists
Substances that decrease the action of neurotransmitters.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The system consisting of sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.
Brainstem
The part of the brain responsible for basic life support functions like breathing and heart rate.
Thalamus
The relay station for sensory information before it reaches the brain.
Cerebellum
The area of the brain that manages fine motor skills and muscle memory.
Limbic System
The part of the brain involved in emotions and memory, separating older brain structures from newer ones.
Amygdala
A brain structure involved in processing emotions, particularly fear.
Hippocampus
A structure essential for memory formation and navigation.
Temporal Lobe
The brain region involved in hearing and memory functions.
