Electron geometry, Molecular Geometry, Molecular Geometries, Electron and Molecular Geometries

Resonance

When a molecule can have two or more equivalent structures, usually with different arrangement of double bonds

Linear

2 bonds, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Planar

3 bonds, 0 lone pairs

Bent

2 bonds, 1 lone pair

Tetrahedral

4 bonds, 0 lone pairs

Trigonal Pyramidal

3 bonds, 1 lone pair

Bent (complex)

2 bonds, 2 lone pairs

Trigonal Bipyramidal

5 bonds, 0 lone pairs

4 bonds, 1 lone pair

See-Saw

3 bonds, 2 lone pairs

T-shaped

2 bonds, 3 lone pairs

Linear (complex)

6 bonds, 0 lone pairs

Octahedral

5 bonds, 1 lone pair

Square Pyramidal

4 bonds, 2 lone pairs

Square Planar

linear

180, sp

trigonal planar

120, sp2

tetrahedral

109.5, sp3

linear, 180

sp

trigonal planar, 120

sp^2

tetrahedral, 109.5

sp^3

trigonal bipyramidal, 90 and 120

sp^3d

Octahedral, 90

sp^3d^2

What is the moelcular geometry of this?

Linear

What is the electron geometry of this?

Linear 

What is the moelcular geometry of this?

Trigonal planar

What is the electron geometry of this?

Trigonal planar

What is the moelcular geometry of this?

Bent

What is the electron geometry of this?

Trgional planar

What is the moelcular geometry of this?

tetrahedral 

What is the electron geometry of this?

tetrahedral 

What is the moelcular geometry of this?

Trigonal pyrimidial 

What is the electron geometry of this?

tetrahedral

What is the electron geometry of this?

tetrahedral

What is the molecular geometry of this?

bent

What is the electron geometry of this?

Trigonal Bipyramidal

What is the molecular geometry of this?

Trigonal Bipyramidal

What is the molecular geometry of this?

seesaw

What is the electron geometry of this?

trigonal bipyrimidial

What is the electron geometry of this?

trigional bipyrimidial

What is the molecular geometry of this?

t shaped 

What is the molecular geometry of this?

linear

What is the electron geometry of this?

trigonal bipyrimidal

What is the molecular geometry of this?

octahedral

What is the electron geometry of this?

octahedral

What is the molecular geometry of this?

square pyrimidial

What is the electron geometry of this?

octahedral

What is the molecular geometry of this?

Square planar

What is the electron geometry of this?

octahedral 

Molecular geometry

when we do not distinguish between bonding electron groups and lone pairs

electron geometry

When we consider only the geometrical arrangement of the atoms

How can a molecule has polar bonds yet sill be nonpolar?

The bonding electrons are pulled equally toward both O ends of the molecule, while also taking in mind the molecular geometry of the moelcule. The net result is a nonpolar molecule

How can a bond be polar?

when there is a greater or lesser electronegativity in between a molecule

What are Hybrid orbitals?

regions of high probability of finding the shared electrons in the molecule

Why would some atoms hybridize?

to maximize bonding and therefore more full oribitals which would lead to more stability

Hybridizing

mixing different types of orbitals in the valence shell to make a new set of degenerate orbitals

According to valence bond theory, bonding takes place between atoms when their atomic or hybrid orbitals interact. To interact they must ____

be aligned along the axis between the atoms, or be parallel to each other and perpendicular to the interatomic axis.

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 5 electron groups?

sp3d

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 6 electron groups?

sp3d2

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 4 electron groups?

sp3

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 3 electron groups?

sp2

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 2 electron groups?

sp

What would be the hybridizatoon of an atom that has 1 electron groups?

s

What is a single bond in terms of sigma and pie bonds?

1 sigma

What is a double bond in terms of sigma and pie bonds?

1 sigma and 1 pie

What is a triple bond in terms of sigma and pie bonds?

1 sigma and 2 pie 

Linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO)

atomic orbitals of the atoms adding together to make molecular orbitals

What are the two ways that ortibals can be added together using the Linear combination of atomic orbitals?

Constructively or Destructively

Would this be considered constructive or destructive adding of orbitals?

constructive

Would this be considered constructive or destructive adding of orbitals?

destructive 

bonding molecular orbital

When the wave functions combine constructively, the resulting molecular orbital has less energy than the original atomic orbitals

antibonding molecular orbital

When the wave functions combine destructively, the resulting molecular orbital has more energy than the original atomic orbitals

Why are electrons in antiboding destabalizing?

Higher in energy than atomic orbitals

Electron density located outside the internuclear axis

Bond order

half the difference between number of electrons in bonding and antibonding orbitals

What is the formual of bond order?

# Bonding Electrons - # Antibonding Electrons/ 2

A substance will be _________ if its MO diagram has unpaired electrons

paramagnetic

A substance will be _________ if its MO diagram has paired electrons

diamagnetic