SCIENTIFIC METHOD, MEASUREMENTS IN CHEM, AND ACCURACY & PRECISION

Chemistry

Science that studies matter, it’s properties, structure and changes it undergoes.

Analytical Chemistry

What is missing in the 5? ___, Physical, Organic, Inorganic, and Biochem

Physical Chemistry

What is missing in the 5? ___, Analytical, Organic, Inorganic, and Biochem

Inorganic Chemistry

What is missing in the 5? ___, Physical, Analytical, Organic, and Biochem

Biochemistry

What is missing in the 5? ___, Physical, Organic, Analytical, and Inorganic

Organic Chemistry

What is missing in the 5? ___, Physical, Biochem, Inorganic, and Analytical

Scientific Method

An organized approach to research

Qualitative

This is made up of “general observations”

Quantitative

This is usually made up of “numbers obtained through measurements”

Inference

This is also known as the “interpretation” of an observation

Natural Law

This is a consistency in observation, usually written verbally or mathematically

Hypothesis

This is an educated “guess” to explain an observation.

Experimentation

This process is done inorder to prove whether a Hypothesis is correct or not

Theory

This is what a Hypothesis is called after surviving through experimentation

Trailing Zeros

This states that zeros AFTER a decimal point are SIGNIFICANT

Captive Zeros

This states that zeros BETWEEN any two non-zero digits are significant

Leading Zeros

This states that zeros BEFORE and AFTER a decimal point (if zero is before a decimal point) are NOT SIGNIFICANT

Exact Numbers

This states that any number that is EXACT is said to have unlimited number of SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Addition & Subtraction

Here, the answer will follow the GIVEN number of SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Multiplication & DIvision

Here, the answer will follow the HIGHEST number of SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Accuracy

This is the NEARNESS of a value to the ACTUAL VALUE

Precision

This is the AGREEMENT among different measurements of the SAME point

Error

This is the DIFFERENCE between MEASURED value to the ACTUAL value

Error = Average value-True value/True Value x 100%

This is the FORMULA for PERCENTAGE ERROR

If the Percentage Error is high

This is what helps you indicate whether the measured value is LESS ACCURATE

Deviation

This is the ABSOLUTE VALUE of the difference of the MEASURED value from the AVERAGE value

Measured Value - Average Value

This is the formula for DEVIATION

If the Deviation is high

This is what helps you indicate whether the measured value is LESS PRECISE